A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the discussion?
"Serum bilirubin should be monitored one to two times per month during pregnancy."
"Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week."
"Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU."
"A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception."
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is choice d. “A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception.”
Choice A rationale:
Monitoring serum bilirubin is not relevant for managing phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy. PKU management focuses on maintaining low phenylalanine levels to prevent harm to the developing fetus.
Choice B rationale:
Diet sodas contain aspartame, which is high in phenylalanine and should be completely avoided by individuals with PKU, not just limited to two or three times per week.
Choice C rationale:
Breastfeeding does not prevent a baby from developing PKU. PKU is a genetic disorder, and breastfeeding does not influence the genetic makeup of the baby.
Choice D rationale:
Following a low-protein diet for 3 months prior to conception is crucial for women with PKU. This helps to ensure that phenylalanine levels are low, reducing the risk of birth defects and intellectual disabilities in the baby.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Crohn's disease is not commonly associated with obesity. Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can lead to weight loss due to malabsorption and other gastrointestinal symptoms.
Choice B rationale:
Peptic ulcer disease is not directly linked to obesity. Peptic ulcers are primarily caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Choice C rationale:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is commonly associated with obesity. Excess weight, especially around the abdominal area, can contribute to increased pressure on the stomach and lower esophageal sphincter, leading to the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus and causing symptoms of GERD such as heartburn and regurgitation.
Choice D rationale:
Celiac disease is not typically associated with obesity. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Individuals with celiac disease often experience weight loss and malabsorption due to intestinal damage.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Stopping caffeinated beverages is a positive step in managing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as caffeine can exacerbate symptoms by relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). However, this choice is not the best-contributing factor to GERD among the options provided.
Choice B rationale:
Correct Choice. Drinking warm milk before bed is a contributing factor to GERD. Milk is slightly acidic and can increase gastric acid production, potentially leading to reflux symptoms. It is important for individuals with GERD to avoid foods or drinks that can relax the LES or increase gastric acid production.
Choice C rationale:
Stopping alcohol consumption is generally beneficial for managing GERD, as alcohol can relax the LES and increase stomach acid production. However, among the choices, this is not the most relevant contributing factor to GERD.
Choice D rationale:
Following a low-fat, high-protein diet is generally recommended for managing weight and promoting overall health. While it is beneficial for weight management, it is not a key contributing factor to GERD symptoms, especially when compared to other choices like drinking warm milk before bed.
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