A nurse is providing care to an infant newly diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. The infant's parents ask the nurse to describe what sickled red blood cells are and how they affect blood flow. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select All that Apply.)

"Sickled red blood cells are flexible, making it easier for these cells to travel through small vessels."

"Sickled red blood cells are c-shaped and tend to stick together more easily."

"Sickled red blood cells have a long-life span. Therefore, they circulate in the blood longer than healthy cells."

"Sickled red blood cells are rigid, making it difficult for the cells to travel through smaller vessels."

"Sickled red blood cells have a short life span which decreases the number of red blood cells circulating in the blood."

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

A. Sickled red blood cells are flexible, making it easier for these cells to travel through small vessels is incorrect. Sickled red blood cells are rigid and inflexible, which makes it difficult for them to pass through small blood vessels, contributing to blockages and reduced oxygen delivery.

B. Sickled red blood cells are c-shaped and tend to stick together more easily is correct. Sickled red blood cells have an abnormal, crescent or "C" shape, and they stick together, which can cause clumping and block blood flow in small vessels, leading to pain and organ damage.

C. Sickled red blood cells have a long-life span. Therefore, they circulate in the blood longer than healthy cells is incorrect. Sickled red blood cells have a shortened life span (about 10-20 days) compared to normal red blood cells, which typically last 120 days, leading to a higher rate of cell destruction and anemia.

D. Sickled red blood cells are rigid, making it difficult for the cells to travel through smaller vessels is correct. The rigidity of sickled cells prevents them from easily moving through small blood vessels, causing occlusions, pain, and organ damage.

E. Sickled red blood cells have a short life span which decreases the number of red blood cells circulating in the blood is correct. Due to their short life span, sickled cells are destroyed more quickly, leading to anemia and reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Hemophilia A is a result of insufficient or absent factor VIII is correct. Hemophilia A is caused by a deficiency or absence of clotting factor VIII, which impairs the ability of blood to clot properly.

B. Von Willebrand disease is a disorder that occurs because of excess production of von Willebrand Factor is incorrect. Von Willebrand disease is actually caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand Factor, which is necessary for platelet adhesion and clotting.

C. Hemophilia B results from insufficient or absent factor IX is correct. Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of clotting factor IX, similar to hemophilia A, but involves a different clotting factor.

D. Von Willebrand disease is a disorder that occurs because of absent or insufficient von Willebrand Factor is correct. This disorder involves a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand Factor, which leads to impaired clotting and easy bleeding.

E. Hemophilia A is a result of insufficient or absent fibrinogen is incorrect. Hemophilia A is caused by a deficiency of factor VIII, not fibrinogen, which is involved in the final steps of the clotting cascade.

A. Ribs B. Upper leg C. Head D. Spine

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Ribs are not a typical location for rhabdomyosarcoma, which primarily affects soft tissue. While it can occur in any area of the body, tumors most commonly develop in the muscles, such as in the upper leg.

B. Upper leg is the most common site of rhabdomyosarcoma in children. This cancer originates in the soft tissues, particularly skeletal muscles.

C. Head is a less common site for rhabdomyosarcoma, although it can occur in the head or neck region. However, the upper leg is more frequently affected.

D. Spine is not a typical location for rhabdomyosarcoma. While other sarcomas can affect bones and tissues of the spine, rhabdomyosarcoma generally affects soft tissues like muscles and tendons.

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A nurse is providing care to an infant newly diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. The infant's parents ask the nurse to describe what sickled red blood cells are and how they affect blood flow. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a family about bleeding disorders while they await the results of their child's laboratory testing. Which of the following statements accurately describes the differences in the causes of hemophilia A, hemophilia B, and von Willebrand disease? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a pediatric client who is exhibiting manifestations of rhabdomyosarcoma. In which area of the body should the nurse expect to find a tumor?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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