A nurse is providing CPR to a client. Which of the following aspects of CPR are different in the community versus in the hospital? (Select All that Apply.)

In the community, the nurse should notify emergency services.

Compression rates and depths vary depending on the setting.

In the hospital, codes are addressed by an interprofessional team.

In the community, the nurse might use laypeople for assistance.

In the community, the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) requires the presence of a health care provider.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A. In the community, the nurse should notify emergency services: In a community setting, such as outside the hospital or in a public area, it is essential to activate emergency medical services (EMS) by calling for help immediately when initiating CPR.

B. Compression rates and depths vary depending on the setting: Compression rates and depths for CPR follow standardized guidelines set by organizations such as the American Heart Association (AHA) and may not significantly differ between community and hospital settings. These guidelines typically recommend a compression rate of 100-120 compressions per minute and a compression depth of at least 2 inches (5 centimeters) for adults.

C. In the hospital, codes are addressed by an interprofessional team: In a hospital setting, cardiac arrest situations are typically addressed by an interprofessional team consisting of physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare providers. This team-based approach allows for coordinated efforts in resuscitation, including advanced interventions such as airway management, medications, and defibrillation.

D. In the community, the nurse might use laypeople for assistance: In a community setting, especially if the nurse is providing CPR outside of a healthcare facility, there may be a need to involve laypeople or bystanders for assistance. Promptly recruiting bystanders to call for help, retrieve an AED if available, or assist with chest compressions can improve outcomes for the victim of cardiac arrest.

E. In the community, the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) requires the presence of a health care provider: In many community settings, including public places like shopping malls, airports, and schools, automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are available for use by laypeople or bystanders. While the presence of a healthcare provider is beneficial, AEDs are designed to provide audio and visual instructions for use by individuals without medical training, allowing for rapid defibrillation in cases of sudden cardiac arrest.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Myopia: Myopia refers to nearsightedness, which is caused by refractive errors in the eye and is not associated with Meniere's disease. Myopia results in difficulty seeing distant objects clearly.

B. Vertigo: Vertigo is a hallmark symptom of Meniere's disease and is caused by an excessive accumulation of endolymph fluid in the inner ear. Vertigo presents as a sensation of spinning or dizziness, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and imbalance.

C. Photophobia: Photophobia refers to sensitivity to light, which can be associated with various eye conditions but is not a typical manifestation of Meniere's disease. Photophobia may occur in conditions such as migraine headaches or certain eye infections.

D. Presbycusis: Presbycusis refers to age-related hearing loss, which typically occurs gradually over time and is not directly associated with Meniere's disease. Meniere's disease is characterized by sudden episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and a sensation of fullness or pressure in the ear.

A. The client whose mother and uncle were diagnosed with this same condition. B. The client who is recovering from a recent illness that caused vomiting and diarrhea. C. The client who is out of work and has been experiencing increased stress. D. The client who uses oxygen at night to treat obstructive sleep apnea.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The client whose mother and uncle were diagnosed with this same condition: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) often has a genetic component, with a familial predisposition observed in many cases. Individuals with a family history of HCM, especially in first-degree relatives such as parents or siblings, are at higher risk of developing the condition due to genetic factors.

B. The client who is recovering from a recent illness that caused vomiting and diarrhea: Acute illnesses such as vomiting and diarrhea can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and transient changes in cardiac function. While dehydration and electrolyte imbalances may exacerbate symptoms in individuals with existing cardiac conditions, they are not primary risk factors for developing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

C. The client who is out of work and has been experiencing increased stress: Chronic stress and psychosocial factors may contribute to the progression of cardiovascular disease in general, but they are not specific risk factors for developing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

D. The client who uses oxygen at night to treat obstructive sleep apnea: While obstructive sleep apnea is associated with cardiovascular complications, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), the use of oxygen therapy at night to treat sleep apnea does not directly increase the risk of developing HCM. However, untreated obstructive sleep apnea may lead to chronic hypoxia and other cardiac issues over time.

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A nurse is providing CPR to a client. Which of the following aspects of CPR are different in the community versus in the hospital? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has Meniere’s disease. The nurse identifies that which of the following manifestations is caused by an excessive accumulation of endolymph fluid?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a group of clients about risk factors for developing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Which of the following clients should the nurse understand is most at risk for developing HCM?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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