A nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client who has cardiovascular disease. The nurse should identify that which of following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will use canola oil when making salad dressing."

"I will increase my intake of canned vegetables."

"I will limit my portions of meat to 8 ounces."

"I will drink whole milk with my cereal."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A Canola oil is a healthier choice compared to saturated fats like butter or coconut oil because it is lower in saturated fat and high in unsaturated fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats). Using canola oil can help lower LDL (bad) cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.

B. Canned vegetables often contain added sodium as a preservative, which can contribute to hypertension (high blood pressure), a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, increasing intake

of canned vegetables is not recommended for someone with cardiovascular disease unless they are choosing low-sodium or no-added-salt varieties.

C. Limiting portions of meat helps reduce intake of saturated fats, which can raise LDL cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease. A portion size of 8 ounces is appropriate as part of a heart-healthy diet that emphasizes lean proteins and plant-based sources of protein.

D. Whole milk is higher in saturated fat compared to low-fat or skim milk. Consuming saturated fats increases LDL cholesterol levels, which can contribute to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, drinking whole milk is not recommended for someone with cardiovascular disease who should focus on reducing saturated fat intake.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Cool, clammy skin is a common symptom of hypoglycemia. When blood sugar levels drop too low, the body's sympathetic nervous system is activated, causing sweating and cool, clammy skin as a response to the stress of low blood sugar.

A Kussmaul respirations are deep, rapid, and labored breathing patterns that occur in response to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a complication of hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia. In hypoglycemia, the body typically responds with normal or shallow respirations.

B Increased urine output (polyuria) is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia, where the kidneys try to excrete excess glucose through urine. Hypoglycemia typically does not cause increased urine output.

D. Acetone breath, which has a fruity odor, is associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a condition caused by severe hyperglycemia and metabolic acidosis. It is not a typical finding in hypoglycemia.

A. Teach the client a breathing exercise with a longer inhalation phase. B. Limit fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day. C. Encourage use of incentive spirometry for 5 min every 2 hr. D. Administer oxygen at 2 L/min.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A Breathing exercises can help improve lung function and oxygenation. However, the specific type of breathing exercise is crucial. Emphysema typically involves air trapping due to loss of elasticity in the lungs, so teaching a breathing exercise with a longer exhalation phase (to facilitate complete exhalation and prevent air trapping) would be more beneficial than emphasizing a longer inhalation phase.

B. Fluid restriction is not typically indicated for clients with emphysema. It is more relevant for conditions where fluid overload can exacerbate symptoms (like congestive heart failure). In emphysema, maintaining adequate hydration is important to keep secretions thin and more manageable for clearing.

C.Incentive spirometry is used to help promote deep breathing and prevent atelectasis (lung collapse) by encouraging the client to take slow, deep breaths. However, incentive spirometry is typically more useful for clients recovering from surgery or immobilized clients rather than for those with emphysema.

D. The use of oxygen therapy at 2 L/min is a standard intervention for clients with emphysema who have low oxygen levels, as it helps maintain proper oxygenation. It is crucial to manage oxygen levels carefully to prevent complications such as hypoxia or pulmonary hypertension while avoiding excessive oxygen, which may reduce the patient's drive to breathe.

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A nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client who has cardiovascular disease. The nurse should identify that which of following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse suspects that a client who has diabetes mellitus is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following assessment findings supports this suspicion?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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