A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with sickle cell disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Drink plenty of fluids to stay well hydrated.

Limit your intake of fruits and vegetables to avoid complications.

You can stop your prescribed antibiotics once you feel better.

Take your pain medications only when you have severe pain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Drink plenty of fluids to stay well hydrated. Hydration is crucial for clients with sickle cell disease as it helps prevent blood thickening and reduces the risk of sickling crises.

B. Limit your intake of fruits and vegetables to avoid complications. Fruits and vegetables are essential for balanced nutrition and are not contraindicated in sickle cell disease. Limiting them is unnecessary and could lead to nutritional deficiencies.

C. You can stop your prescribed antibiotics once you feel better. Antibiotics should always be completed as prescribed to fully treat any infection and prevent resistance, especially in individuals with weakened immune responses.

D. Take your pain medications only when you have severe pain. Clients with sickle cell disease should take pain medications as needed, even for mild pain, to prevent escalation of pain and a sickle cell crisis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Asthma: Asthma is a respiratory condition and is not a common complication associated with diabetes.

B. Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis is a bone disease more commonly associated with hormonal changes, aging, or steroid use, not directly linked to diabetes.

C. Liver cirrhosis: Liver cirrhosis is usually caused by alcohol use, hepatitis, or other liver diseases, not directly due to diabetes.

D. Cardiovascular disease: Diabetes is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to its association with atherosclerosis, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.

A. I understand that CAD is caused by the build up of fat deposits in my arteries B. Only people with a family history of heart disease are at risk for CAD. C. CAD can be completely cured with a healthy diet and exercise. D. I should avoid all physical activity to prevent worsening my CAD.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "I understand that CAD is caused by the buildup of fat deposits in my arteries." CAD is caused by the accumulation of plaque (cholesterol, fats, and other substances) within the coronary arteries, which restricts blood flow to the heart muscle.

B. "Only people with a family history of heart disease are at risk for CAD." Although a family history can increase risk, many other factors, like high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol, and lifestyle, contribute to CAD risk.

C. "CAD can be completely cured with a healthy diet and exercise." While lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the progression of CAD and improve symptoms, they do not cure the disease.

D. "I should avoid all physical activity to prevent worsening my CAD." Physical activity, when performed safely and under medical guidance, is beneficial for CAD management and can help improve cardiovascular health.

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A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with sickle cell disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

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