A nurse is providing education to a group of parents of toddlers about household items that can be swallowed and block the airway of their child.
The nurse should include which of the following items as a risk for aspiration?
Detergent pods.
Television remote control.
Tennis ball.
Hairbrush.
Correct Answer : A,C
Choice A rationale
Detergent pods are highly concentrated and can cause severe chemical burns to the esophagus and respiratory tract if ingested. Their bright colors and soft, squeezable nature can attract young children, making them a significant aspiration and poisoning risk due to their caustic properties. Normal esophageal tissue is delicate and easily damaged by corrosives.
Choice B rationale
Television remote controls, while a common household item, are typically too large and irregularly shaped to be easily aspirated into a toddler's airway. The primary concern with remote controls is choking on small, removable parts like batteries, not aspiration of the entire object into the trachea. Normal airway diameter in toddlers is small.
Choice C rationale
A tennis ball, due to its size and spherical shape, can perfectly occlude a toddler's airway, leading to complete obstruction and potential asphyxiation. Its smooth surface makes it difficult to dislodge once aspirated, posing a significant and immediate life-threatening choking hazard for young children. Normal tracheal lumen can be fully occluded by objects of similar diameter.
Choice D rationale
Hairbrushes are generally too large and awkwardly shaped to be aspirated by a toddler. While bristles or small decorative elements could potentially break off and be ingested, the primary concern with a hairbrush itself is not airway obstruction through aspiration of the entire object. Normal pharyngeal reflexes would typically prevent aspiration of such large objects. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["56"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Calculate the total minutes the IV needs to run. 2 hours × 60 minutes/hour = 120 minutes.
Step 2 is: Calculate the mL/minute rate. 450 mL ÷ 120 minutes = 3.75 mL/minute.
Step 3 is: Calculate the gtt/minute rate. 3.75 mL/minute × 15 gtt/mL = 56.25 gtt/minute. The current IV rate is 56 gtt/minute.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This action is critical because immediate manual elevation of the fetal presenting part off the prolapsed umbilical cord directly alleviates cord compression, which is the primary cause of fetal hypoxia and acidosis. Sustained compression compromises umbilical blood flow, depriving the fetus of oxygen and nutrients, leading to severe bradycardia and potential neurological damage. This direct intervention aims to restore uteroplacental perfusion.
Choice B rationale
The knee-to-chest position, along with Trendelenburg or modified Sims, leverages gravity to displace the presenting fetal part away from the pelvis and the prolapsed cord. This physical repositioning reduces the pressure exerted by the fetus on the cord, thereby minimizing further compromise of blood flow and maintaining fetal oxygenation. These positions help to prevent further compression.
Choice C rationale
Continuous fetal heart tone monitoring is essential for ongoing assessment of fetal well-being, but it is not a *priority action* in the sense of directly intervening to relieve cord compression. While crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions and guiding subsequent management, the immediate physical actions to relieve pressure take precedence to mitigate acute fetal distress. Normal fetal heart rate is 110-160 beats per minute.
Choice D rationale
Prompt notification of the provider and initiation of preparations for an emergency cesarean birth are paramount because a prolapsed cord often necessitates immediate delivery to prevent prolonged fetal compromise. This action mobilizes the medical team and resources required for rapid surgical intervention, which is the definitive treatment to resolve the life-threatening situation for the fetus.
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