A nurse is providing nutritional education to a patient at her first prenatal visit.

Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Choice A rationale
A negative rubella titer does not necessarily mean that the client is not currently experiencing a rubella infection. The titer measures immunity to the disease, not the presence of an active infection.
Choice B rationale
A negative rubella titer indicates that the client is not immune to the rubella virus. This means that she has not been vaccinated against the disease or has not had it in the past.
Choice C rationale
While a rubella vaccination could be beneficial for a client with a negative rubella titer, it is not typically given during pregnancy due to the theoretical risk to the fetus. The rubella vaccine is a live vaccine, and while there is no evidence of harm to the fetus, it is generally avoided during pregnancy as a precaution.
Choice D rationale
This is the correct interpretation of the data. A client with a negative rubella titer should receive a rubella immunization following delivery to protect against future infections.

Choice A rationale
Cephalopelvic disproportion refers to a mismatch between the size of the fetal head and the mother’s pelvis, making it difficult for the baby to pass through the birth canal. This condition is not identified through amniocentesis.
Choice B rationale
Amniocentesis is a procedure where a small amount of amniotic fluid, which contains fetal tissues, is sampled and tested. This test can indeed identify anomalies in fetal chromosomes. It can detect genetic disorders such as Down syndrome, spina bifida, and cystic fibrosis.
Choice C rationale
Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, can be detected through amniocentesis. These defects occur when the neural tube, which forms the brain and spinal cord, fails to close completely during the first few weeks of embryonic development.
Choice D rationale
Amniocentesis can also determine the fetal gender. This is because the test analyzes the chromosomes present in the fetal cells found in the amniotic fluid. Males have XY chromosomes, while females have XX chromosomes.
Choice E rationale
Rh incompatibility is a condition where the mother’s Rh blood type and the baby’s Rh blood type are incompatible. This can lead to the mother’s immune system attacking the Rh positive cells of the baby. However, Rh incompatibility is not detected through amniocentesis. It is typically identified through blood tests.