A nurse is providing teaching on common symptoms of glomerulonephritis. What assessment findings are consistent with this diagnosis? (Select all that apply.)
Proteinuria
Hypertension
Periorbital edema
Hypotension
Hematuria
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
Choice A rationale
Proteinuria, or the presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine, is a hallmark sign of glomerulonephritis. It occurs due to the increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier.
Choice B rationale
Hypertension is often associated with glomerulonephritis. The damage to the glomeruli can lead to salt and water retention, contributing to high blood pressure.
Choice C rationale
Periorbital edema, which is swelling around the eyes, is a common early symptom of glomerulonephritis. It is caused by fluid retention and leakage into the tissue.
Choice D rationale
Hypotension is not typically associated with glomerulonephritis. In fact, hypertension is more common due to the reasons mentioned above.
Choice E rationale
Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is another common finding in glomerulonephritis. It results from the inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, allowing red blood cells to leak into the urine.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","E","F"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Restricting airplane travel is not typically necessary for patients on hemodialysis unless there are specific medical concerns or complications related to their condition.
Choice B rationale
Driving restrictions are not a standard restriction for patients with end-stage kidney disease unless there are other underlying conditions that impair the ability to drive safely.
Choice C rationale
Time constraints are a significant factor for patients on hemodialysis due to the frequent and lengthy treatment sessions, which can limit their availability for other activities.
Choice D rationale
Limiting social activities to twice a week is not a standard recommendation; social interactions are important for mental health and should be encouraged as much as the patient's health allows.
Choice E rationale
Restricting foods high in potassium, sodium, and phosphorus is crucial for patients with end-stage kidney disease to help manage electrolyte levels and prevent complications.
Choice F rationale
Restricting fluid intake is essential for patients on hemodialysis to prevent fluid overload, which can lead to heart failure and other serious health issues.
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While family history can contribute to the risk of developing certain conditions, it is not a direct risk factor for peptic ulcer disease.
Choice B rationale
A long-term smoking history is a known risk factor for peptic ulcer disease as it can increase gastric acid secretion and reduce the production of substances that protect the stomach lining.
Choice C rationale
The client denies alcohol use; therefore, it is not a contributing risk factor in this case. However, alcohol use is generally a risk factor for PUD due to its irritating effect on the stomach lining.
Choice D rationale
Being positive for Helicobacter pylori is one of the strongest risk factors for peptic ulcer disease. This bacterium damages the protective mucosal layer of the stomach and duodenum, leading to chronic inflammation and allowing acid to injure the underlying tissue. It is the leading cause of most gastric and duodenal ulcers worldwide.
Choice E rationale
NSAID use is a well-established risk factor for peptic ulcer disease as these medications can disrupt the protective lining of the stomach, leading to ulcers.
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