A nurse is reinforcing education to a family with a child who has Kawasaki disease. Which of the following statements made by the caregiver indicates an understanding of the education provided?
"Kawasaki disease is an abnormal immune response that only affects the liver."
"Kawasaki disease is an abnormal immune response that causes injury to the body's muscles."
"Kawasaki disease is an abnormal immune response in which the body attacks the skin only."
"Kawasaki disease is an abnormal immune system response that can weaken the coronary arteries."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "Kawasaki disease is an abnormal immune response that only affects the liver." This is incorrect. Kawasaki disease primarily affects the blood vessels, especially the coronary arteries, not just the liver. While liver inflammation can occur, it is not the main concern.
B. "Kawasaki disease is an abnormal immune response that causes injury to the body's muscles." This is incorrect. Kawasaki disease is a vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels), not a muscle disorder. It mainly affects the heart and blood vessels, potentially leading to aneurysms and long-term cardiac complications.
C. "Kawasaki disease is an abnormal immune response in which the body attacks the skin only." This is incorrect. While skin changes (such as a rash, peeling skin, and red palms/soles) are common symptoms, the primary concern is inflammation of the coronary arteries, which can lead to serious heart complications.
D. "Kawasaki disease is an abnormal immune system response that can weaken the coronary arteries." This is correct. Kawasaki disease triggers inflammation in medium-sized arteries, particularly the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart. If untreated, this can lead to coronary artery aneurysms, myocardial infarction, or long-term heart disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Schedule the child for a follow-up blood test to monitor lead levels over the coming weeks. While ongoing monitoring is important, it is not the immediate priority in a child with extreme lead poisoning. Immediate intervention is needed to manage acute symptoms and prevent further complications.
B. Provide supportive care to manage common symptoms of nausea and pain. This is the correct first action. Severe lead poisoning can cause neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms, including abdominal pain, vomiting, and irritability. Supportive care addresses these symptoms while preparing for further interventions like chelation therapy.
C. Promote a balanced diet rich in calcium and iron to help mitigate lead absorption. Nutritional support is beneficial in mild to moderate cases, as calcium and iron reduce lead absorption, but it is not the first priority in extreme poisoning. Immediate medical treatment takes precedence.
D. Notify the health department to investigate potential lead exposure sources. Identifying the source of lead exposure is crucial for long-term prevention, but in cases of severe poisoning, immediate medical care is the priority before environmental interventions.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Anencephaly affects male fetuses more than female fetuses." Anencephaly occurs more frequently in female fetuses than in males. Studies suggest a slightly higher prevalence in female infants, though the exact reason is unclear.
B. "Cancer during pregnancy is a risk factor for anencephaly." There is no known link between cancer during pregnancy and anencephaly. The primary risk factors include folic acid deficiency, maternal diabetes, and exposure to teratogens (e.g., certain medications, high temperatures, or environmental toxins).
C. "These defects occur in the embryonic stage of pregnancy." Anencephaly is a neural tube defect (NTD) that occurs during the embryonic stage, specifically between weeks 3 and 4 of gestation. During this period, the neural tube fails to close properly, leading to incomplete development of the brain and skull.
D. "Most newborns who have anencephaly survive 1 month." Anencephaly is almost always fatal, with most affected newborns dying within hours to days after birth. There is no cure, and long-term survival is extremely rare due to the severe brain malformation.
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