A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a newly hired nurse about anencephaly. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"Anencephaly affects male fetuses more than female fetuses.”

"Cancer during pregnancy is a risk factor for anencephaly."

"These defects occur in the embryonic stage of pregnancy."

"Most newborns who have anencephaly survive 1 month."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. "Anencephaly affects male fetuses more than female fetuses." Anencephaly occurs more frequently in female fetuses than in males. Studies suggest a slightly higher prevalence in female infants, though the exact reason is unclear.

B. "Cancer during pregnancy is a risk factor for anencephaly." There is no known link between cancer during pregnancy and anencephaly. The primary risk factors include folic acid deficiency, maternal diabetes, and exposure to teratogens (e.g., certain medications, high temperatures, or environmental toxins).

C. "These defects occur in the embryonic stage of pregnancy." Anencephaly is a neural tube defect (NTD) that occurs during the embryonic stage, specifically between weeks 3 and 4 of gestation. During this period, the neural tube fails to close properly, leading to incomplete development of the brain and skull.

D. "Most newborns who have anencephaly survive 1 month." Anencephaly is almost always fatal, with most affected newborns dying within hours to days after birth. There is no cure, and long-term survival is extremely rare due to the severe brain malformation.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Warm the medication container for 10 seconds in a microwave oven prior to instillation. Using a microwave to warm ear drops is unsafe, as it can cause uneven heating and potentially burn the delicate ear structures. Instead, the medication should be warmed by holding the container in the hands for a few minutes.

B. Apply clean gloves and clean the outer ear prior to instilling drops. Wearing gloves prevents contamination, and cleaning the outer ear removes purulent drainage, ensuring the medication reaches the ear canal properly. This is an essential step in infection control and medication effectiveness.

C. Firmly push a cotton ball into the ear canal after instilling drops. Inserting a cotton ball too firmly can trap moisture and bacteria, potentially worsening the infection. If needed, a loosely placed cotton ball may be used, but it should not be forced into the canal.

D. Pull the child's ear auricle upward and outward just before instilling drops. This technique is used for adults and children over 3 years old. In a 2-year-old, the correct method is to pull the auricle downward and back to straighten the ear canal for proper medication administration.

A. Intrauterine device B. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injection C. Contraceptive patches D. Combined oral contraceptives

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Intrauterine device (IUD). While IUDs are highly effective, they require a pelvic exam for insertion and periodic monitoring, which may be challenging for an adolescent with motor difficulties and decreased memory. Additionally, IUDs do not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

B. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injection. This is the best option because the injection is given every 3 months, making it easier for an adolescent with memory and motor impairments to maintain consistent contraceptive use. It also does not require daily adherence like oral contraceptives.

C. Contraceptive patches. The patch requires weekly changes, which may be difficult for someone with decreased memory and coordination issues, leading to potential gaps in contraceptive coverage.

D. Combined oral contraceptives. Oral contraceptives require daily adherence, which may not be reliable for an adolescent with memory impairments. Missing doses can reduce effectiveness, making them a less suitable option.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a newly hired nurse about anencephaly. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is preparing to administer ear drops to a 2-year-old toddler who has an ear infection and a small amount of purulent drainage visible around the ear. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use when instilling the medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is discussing contraceptives with an adolescent who has disabilities. The adolescent has difficulty with motor movements and decreased memory. Which of the following birth control methods would be most appropriate for this child?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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