A nurse is reinforcing nutrition teaching with a client during the first prenatal visit. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?
“I can have 4 oz of white wine daily.”
“I should switch to drinking whole milk.”
“I want to lose 18 lbs.”
“I can consume 1000 mg of caffeine daily.”
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Consuming any amount of alcohol during pregnancy is not recommended. Alcohol can cross the placenta and harm the developing fetus, potentially leading to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). FASDs can cause a range of physical, mental, and behavioral problems, including intellectual disabilities, learning disabilities, and physical abnormalities. Even small amounts of alcohol can increase the risk of FASDs, and there is no known safe amount of alcohol to consume during pregnancy.
Choice B rationale:
Switching to whole milk during pregnancy can be a beneficial choice for several reasons:
Increased calcium and vitamin D: Whole milk is a rich source of calcium and vitamin D, which are essential for the development of the baby's bones, teeth, and muscles. Calcium also supports the mother's bone health and helps prevent pregnancy-related osteoporosis.
Healthy fats: Whole milk contains healthy fats that are important for fetal brain development and the mother's overall health. These fats also contribute to satiety and can help manage weight gain during pregnancy.
Essential nutrients: Whole milk provides a variety of other essential nutrients, including protein, vitamins A and B12, riboflavin, and zinc. These nutrients support overall health and well-being during pregnancy.
Choice C rationale:
Weight loss during pregnancy is generally not recommended unless specifically advised by a healthcare provider. Pregnancy is a time for growth and nourishment of the baby, and restricting calories or attempting to lose weight can potentially harm the developing fetus. It's important to focus on consuming a healthy, balanced diet and gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy.
Choice D rationale:
Consuming high amounts of caffeine during pregnancy is not recommended. Caffeine can cross the placenta and potentially affect the baby's heart rate and sleep patterns. It's generally advised to limit caffeine intake to less than 200 milligrams per day during pregnancy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A heart rate of 60/min is a sign of bradycardia, which can be a side effect of magnesium sulfate toxicity. Magnesium sulfate slows down neuromuscular transmission, which can lead to a decrease in heart rate. If the heart rate drops too low, it can compromise blood flow to vital organs, including the brain and heart. Therefore, a heart rate of 60/min is not a safe finding that would indicate the nurse should continue the infusion.
Choice C rationale:
A urine output of 50 ml in 4 hours is indicative of oliguria, which is a decreased urine output. Oliguria can be a sign of magnesium sulfate toxicity, as magnesium is primarily excreted through the kidneys. If the kidneys are not functioning properly, magnesium can build up in the body and lead to toxic levels. Therefore, a urine output of 50 ml in 4 hours is not a safe finding that would indicate the nurse should continue the infusion.
Choice D rationale:
Diminished deep-tendon reflexes are another sign of magnesium sulfate toxicity. Magnesium sulfate suppresses the nervous system, which can lead to decreased reflexes. If the reflexes are too diminished, it can indicate that the magnesium level in the body is too high. Therefore, diminished deep-tendon reflexes are not a safe finding that would indicate the nurse should continue the infusion.
Choice B rationale:
A respiratory rate of 16/min is within the normal range for an adult. It does not indicate any respiratory depression, which can be a side effect of magnesium sulfate toxicity. Therefore, a respiratory rate of 16/min is a safe finding that would indicate the nurse can continue the infusion.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C, Abruptio placentae.
Choice A rationale:
A prolapsed cord is an obstetric emergency where the umbilical cord drops (prolapses) through the open cervix into the vagina ahead of the baby. It’s a rare condition but can occur during labor if the baby is not yet engaged, and the water breaks. The main concern is that the cord can become compressed, cutting off the baby’s oxygen supply. However, it does not typically present with continuous abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding without labor.
Choice B rationale:
Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) refers to a patient whose membranes have ruptured before the onset of labor. While PROM can lead to complications, it is not typically associated with continuous abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. PROM is more often characterized by the sudden release of fluid from the vagina.
Choice C rationale:
Abruptio placentae, also known as placental abruption, is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterus. It is a serious condition that can occur in the third trimester and is associated with continuous abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, which are the symptoms described in the question. This condition poses significant risks to both the mother and the fetus, including fetal distress, preterm birth, and maternal hemorrhage.
Choice D rationale:
Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers the cervix either completely or partially. It can cause painless, bright red vaginal bleeding but is not typically associated with abdominal pain. The bleeding with placenta previa is usually not continuous but rather occurs in episodes.
In this scenario, the continuous abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding are classic signs of abruptio placentae, making Choice C the most likely diagnosis.
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