A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a biophysical profile with a client who is at 40 weeks of gestation. The nurse should explain that this profile focuses on which of the following parameters? (Select all that apply.)

Nuchal translucency

Fetal gender

Fetal motion

Amniotic fluid volume

Fetal breathing

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

Choice A reason: This statement is false. Nuchal translucency is a measurement of the fluid behind the neck of the fetus. It is done during the first trimester of pregnancy to screen for chromosomal abnormalities. It is not part of the biophysical profile.

Choice B reason: This statement is false. Fetal gender is the sex of the fetus. It can be determined by ultrasound or other tests, but it is not part of the biophysical profile.

Choice C reason: This statement is true. Fetal motion is one of the parameters of the biophysical profile. It assesses the activity and movement of the fetus. It indicates the fetal well-being and neurological development.

Choice D reason: This statement is true. Amniotic fluid volume is one of the parameters of the biophysical profile. It measures the amount of fluid surrounding the fetus. It indicates the fetal kidney function and placental function.

Choice E reason: This statement is true. Fetal breathing is one of the parameters of the biophysical profile. It evaluates the movement of the chest and diaphragm of the fetus. It indicates the fetal lung maturity and oxygenation.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement is false. Fetal lie is the relationship of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the mother. A longitudinal lie is the most common and favorable lie for vaginal delivery, as it allows the fetus to pass through the birth canal more easily.

Choice B reason: This statement is false. Fetal attitude is the relationship of the fetal body parts to one another. A general flexion attitude is the most common and favorable attitude for vaginal delivery, as it reduces the diameter of the fetal head and facilitates its descent.

Choice C reason: This statement is false. Maternal pelvis is the shape and size of the mother's bony pelvis. A gynecoid pelvis is the most common and favorable type of pelvis for vaginal delivery, as it has a round and wide inlet and outlet that can accommodate the fetal head.

Choice D reason: This statement is true. Fetal position is the relationship of a specific fetal landmark, usually the occiput, to the maternal pelvis. A persistent occiput posterior position is a common cause of difficult, prolonged labor, as it increases the diameter of the fetal head and makes it harder to rotate and descend. It can also cause severe backache for the mother, as the fetal head presses against the sacrum.

A. This is a caput succedaneum, which is a collection of fluid from pressure of the vacuum extractor. B. This is a Mongolian spot, which is found on many newborns. C. This is a cephalhematoma, which will resolve on its own in 3 to 5 days. D. This is erythema toxicum, which is a transient allergic reaction that causes edema in the skin.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement is true. A caput succedaneum is a localized swelling of the scalp that occurs due to the compression of the head during delivery. It can cross the suture lines and affect any part of the head. It usually resolves within a few days without treatment.

Choice B reason: This statement is false. A Mongolian spot is a bluish-gray or brown patch of skin that is present at birth or shortly after. It is more common in newborns of Asian, African, or Hispanic descent. It is not related to the delivery method or the swelling of the head.

Choice C reason: This statement is false. A cephalhematoma is a collection of blood between the skull and the periosteum that occurs due to the rupture of blood vessels during delivery. It does not cross the suture lines and is usually limited to one side of the head. It may take several weeks or months to resolve and can cause jaundice or anemia.

Choice D reason: This statement is false. Erythema toxicum is a benign rash that appears as red blotches with white or yellow papules in the center. It can occur anywhere on the body except the palms and soles. It is not related to the delivery method or the swelling of the head.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about a biophysical profile with a client who is at 40 weeks of gestation. The nurse should explain that this profile focuses on which of the following parameters? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is in labor. The client’s labor is difficult and prolonged and she reports a severe backache. Which of the following factors is a contributing cause of difficult, prolonged labor?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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