A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who has been newly diagnosed with hepatitis C. The client asks how they could have contracted the virus. Which of the following nurse responses best explains how the client may have become infected with hepatitis C?
"Eating contaminated food or water from an infected source can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C
"Coming into contact with infected blood, such as from that of a dirty needle, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.
"Coming into contact with an infected person's bodily fluids, such as saliva, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.
"Consuming a large amount of alcohol at one time can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.”
The Correct Answer is B
A. "Eating contaminated food or water from an infected source can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." This applies to hepatitis A, not hepatitis C. Hepatitis A is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, whereas hepatitis C is bloodborne.
B. "Coming into contact with infected blood, such as from that of a dirty needle, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." Hepatitis C is primarily spread through blood-to-blood contact, most commonly through sharing needles, blood transfusions before widespread blood screening, or needle-stick injuries.
C. "Coming into contact with an infected person's bodily fluids, such as saliva, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." Hepatitis C is not commonly spread through casual contact or saliva. The risk of transmission through bodily fluids other than blood is extremely low.
D. "Consuming a large amount of alcohol at one time can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." Alcohol does not cause hepatitis C, though it can worsen liver damage in individuals already infected with the virus.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. I should eat large meals to reduce the frequency of acid reflux: Large meals can worsen GERD by increasing stomach pressure and acid production, leading to reflux. Small, frequent meals are recommended instead.
B. I should drink peppermint tea after meals to help with digestion: While peppermint may help with general digestion, it can relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), making GERD worse by allowing acid to reflux into the esophagus.
C. I should lie down immediately after eating to prevent heartburn: Lying down after meals increases the likelihood of acid reflux due to gravity, especially if the stomach is full, and should be avoided.
D. I should avoid eating meals at least 2-3 hours before bedtime. Avoiding meals 2-3 hours before bedtime helps reduce acid reflux by preventing the stomach from being full and producing excess acid when lying down.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Prednisone: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is often used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response during exacerbations of ulcerative colitis. It helps manage the symptoms and prevent further complications.
B. Metronidazole: While used in some gastrointestinal conditions, it is more commonly prescribed for infections related to Crohn’s disease or infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, not for ulcerative colitis exacerbations.
C. Omeprazole: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid and is typically indicated for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or peptic ulcers, not ulcerative colitis.
D. Loperamide: This antidiarrheal medication should be used with caution in ulcerative colitis, as it can increase the risk of toxic megacolon.
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