A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a newly hired nurse about cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A. "The life expectancy for an individual who has this disorder is 25 years of age." Advances in treatment, including improved respiratory therapies and medications like CFTR modulators, have significantly increased life expectancy. Many individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) now live into their 40s or beyond, depending on disease severity and access to medical care.

B. "This disorder is most common in individuals of Northern European descent." CF is most prevalent in individuals of Northern European ancestry, affecting about 1 in 2,500 to 3,500 newborns in this population. It is much less common in individuals of African, Asian, or Hispanic descent.

C. "Heart failure will occur at some point during the progression of CF." CF primarily affects the lungs and digestive system due to thick mucus production, but heart failure is not a direct consequence of the disease. However, cor pulmonale (right-sided heart failure) can develop secondary to chronic lung disease and pulmonary hypertension in severe cases.

D. "This disorder occurs when the mother has a mutation of the 7th chromosome." CF is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning a child must inherit mutated CFTR genes from both parents (not just the mother). The mutation affects the CFTR gene located on chromosome 7, leading to defective chloride transport and thick mucus production.

A. "You should focus solely on cognitive development at home, as professional interventions are not effective for children with fragile X syndrome." This is incorrect. Professional interventions, including speech therapy, occupational therapy, and behavioral therapy, are essential for supporting cognitive and social development in children with fragile X syndrome.

B. "Since your child has cognitive delays, you should avoid social activities that could overwhelm them and hinder their progress." Avoiding social activities can actually be harmful, as children with fragile X syndrome benefit from structured social interactions and support. Instead of avoidance, individualized strategies should be used to help the child participate comfortably.

C. "It's important to work with a multidisciplinary team to address your child's cognitive delays and support their development." This is correct. A multidisciplinary team, including special education teachers, therapists, and healthcare providers, helps ensure the child receives individualized support in cognitive, social, and communication skills.

D. "Cognitive delays in children with fragile X syndrome typically resolve on their own, so there is no need for specialized educational plans or therapies." Cognitive delays in fragile X syndrome do not resolve on their own. Early intervention and specialized education plans (e.g., IEPs) are crucial in maximizing the child’s potential.