A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a newly hired nurse about cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"The life expectancy for an individual who has this disorder is 25 years of age.”

"This disorder is most common in individuals of Northern European descent.”

"Heart failure will occur at some point during the progression of CF.”

“This disorder occurs when the mother has a mutation of the 7th chromosome.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "The life expectancy for an individual who has this disorder is 25 years of age." Advances in treatment, including improved respiratory therapies and medications like CFTR modulators, have significantly increased life expectancy. Many individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) now live into their 40s or beyond, depending on disease severity and access to medical care.

B. "This disorder is most common in individuals of Northern European descent." CF is most prevalent in individuals of Northern European ancestry, affecting about 1 in 2,500 to 3,500 newborns in this population. It is much less common in individuals of African, Asian, or Hispanic descent.

C. "Heart failure will occur at some point during the progression of CF." CF primarily affects the lungs and digestive system due to thick mucus production, but heart failure is not a direct consequence of the disease. However, cor pulmonale (right-sided heart failure) can develop secondary to chronic lung disease and pulmonary hypertension in severe cases.

D. "This disorder occurs when the mother has a mutation of the 7th chromosome." CF is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning a child must inherit mutated CFTR genes from both parents (not just the mother). The mutation affects the CFTR gene located on chromosome 7, leading to defective chloride transport and thick mucus production.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Cardiac enzymes. Cardiac enzyme tests are used to assess heart damage, such as in myocardial infarction, and are not typically relevant in evaluating a child's nutritional status.

B. Complete blood count. A CBC is a key diagnostic test for assessing nutritional status, as it can reveal anemia (low hemoglobin and hematocrit), infection (elevated white blood cells), and overall health status. It helps identify deficiencies in iron, folate, and vitamin B12, which are common nutritional concerns in children.

C. Blood coagulation tests. Coagulation tests (e.g., PT, INR, aPTT) are used to assess blood clotting disorders and monitor anticoagulant therapy, but they are not standard tests for nutritional assessment unless there is suspicion of a vitamin K deficiency.

D. Arterial blood gases. ABG tests assess respiratory function and acid-base balance, which are more relevant in critically ill patients. They are not routinely used to evaluate a child's nutritional status.

A. Incorporating traditional housing practices that were introduced to the nurse by another child's parents of Asian descent last month. B. Assuming that since the child's parents have brought the child to a hospital that practices western medicine, traditional healing practices are not important to their culture C. Asking the child's parents if they use any traditional healing practices that the healthcare team should be aware of. D. Providing the same care to this child as they would provide to every other child they provide care to.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorporating traditional housing practices that were introduced to the nurse by another child's parents of Asian descent last month. Assuming that all families of Asian descent share the same cultural beliefs or practices ignores individual and regional differences. Each family has unique traditions and preferences that should be discussed directly with them.

B. Assuming that since the child's parents have brought the child to a hospital that practices Western medicine, traditional healing practices are not important to their culture. Seeking Western medical care does not mean that a family has abandoned their cultural beliefs or traditional healing practices. Many families integrate both Western and traditional approaches to healthcare.

C. Asking the child's parents if they use any traditional healing practices that the healthcare team should be aware of. This is the correct answer because it respects cultural diversity and allows the parents to share relevant information. Open-ended questions about cultural practices help incorporate family preferences into the child’s care while ensuring safe and effective treatment.

D. Providing the same care to this child as they would provide to every other child they provide care to. While consistent quality care is important, culturally competent care recognizes individual differences and respects each family’s beliefs and preferences. A one-size-fits-all approach fails to acknowledge cultural diversity in healthcare.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a newly hired nurse about cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is contributing a nutritional plan of care for a child. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse recommend for the child?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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