A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client following an upper gastrointestinal series using barium contrast.Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Increase fluid intake.

Take an over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication.

Expect black, tarry stools.

Follow a low-fiber diet for several days.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Increasing fluid intake helps flush out the barium contrast from the body to prevent constipation and promote bowel movements.

Choice B rationale

Over-the-counter antidiarrheal medications are not appropriate because barium can cause constipation, not diarrhea.

Choice C rationale

Barium contrast does not cause black, tarry stools. Instead, it causes stools to be white or light-colored.

Choice D rationale

Following a low-fiber diet is not recommended after a barium contrast study. High-fiber foods help facilitate bowel movements.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Peritonitis usually leads to increased respiratory rate rather than decreased respirations due to abdominal pain and possible sepsis. Rapid breathing is a common symptom as the body tries to compensate for the infection and discomfort.

Choice B rationale

Absent bowel sounds are a hallmark sign of peritonitis, indicating a lack of intestinal activity due to severe inflammation of the peritoneum. This condition can lead to ileus, where the intestines stop functioning properly.

Choice C rationale

Peripheral edema is not typically associated with peritonitis. Peritonitis primarily affects the abdomen and does not commonly cause fluid accumulation in the extremities. Edema is more related to conditions affecting the heart, liver, or kidneys.

Choice D rationale

Polyuria, or excessive urination, is not a symptom of peritonitis. Peritonitis primarily affects the abdominal cavity and symptoms include severe abdominal pain, fever, and a rigid abdomen. Polyuria is often associated with conditions like diabetes.

A. "I will lie down for 30 minutes after each meal.”. B. "I will sleep flat on my back at night.”. C. "I will eat six small meals each day.”. D. "I will increase vitamin C intake by drinking orange juice.”.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Lying down after a meal can increase the risk of acid reflux by allowing stomach contents to move back into the esophagus. Clients with GERD are advised to remain upright for at least 30 minutes after eating.

Choice B rationale

Sleeping flat on the back can exacerbate GERD symptoms by allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus more easily. Elevating the head of the bed or using pillows to raise the upper body can help reduce reflux.

Choice C rationale

Eating six small meals each day can help prevent overloading the stomach, reducing the risk of acid reflux. Smaller, more frequent meals are recommended for managing GERD.

Choice D rationale

Orange juice is acidic and can irritate the esophagus, worsening GERD symptoms. Clients with GERD are typically advised to avoid citrus fruits and juices.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client following an upper gastrointestinal series using barium contrast.Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

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