A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will undergo a colonoscopy the following week. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Restrict the diet to clear liquids for 1 to 3 days before the procedure.
Expect the provider to schedule another procedure to remove any polyps.
Do not eat or drink anything except water for 12 hours before the procedure.
Administer enemas 2 days before the procedure.
None
None
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is Choice A.
Choice A rationale: A clear liquid diet 1 to 3 days before a colonoscopy minimizes residue in the colon, enhancing mucosal visualization and reducing the risk of missed lesions. Clear liquids include water, broth, tea, and gelatin, which are easily absorbed and leave minimal waste. This dietary preparation complements bowel cleansing agents like polyethylene glycol. Inadequate preparation can obscure polyps or inflammation. Normal stool consistency should be absent during the procedure to ensure optimal diagnostic accuracy.
Choice B rationale: Polypectomy is typically performed during the colonoscopy itself if polyps are detected. Most polyps are removed using snares or biopsy forceps during the same session, reducing the need for a second procedure. Scheduling another procedure is reserved for complex or large lesions requiring advanced techniques. Delaying removal increases the risk of progression to malignancy. Normal colonoscopy findings include pink mucosa and absence of polyps; any deviation warrants immediate intervention when feasible.
Choice C rationale: Restricting intake to only water for 12 hours before the procedure is insufficient and potentially misleading. Colonoscopy preparation requires both dietary modification and pharmacologic bowel cleansing, not just fasting. Water alone does not clear the colon of fecal matter. Additionally, fasting without electrolyte replacement may lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Normal serum potassium ranges from 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L; inadequate preparation may cause hypokalemia, especially with laxative use.
Choice D rationale: Enemas are not routinely recommended 2 days before colonoscopy. They may be used adjunctively on the day of the procedure for distal colon cleansing but are insufficient for full bowel preparation. Oral bowel prep agents like polyethylene glycol are preferred for complete evacuation. Enemas only reach the rectosigmoid region and do not cleanse the ascending or transverse colon. Incomplete prep compromises mucosal visualization and diagnostic yield, increasing false-negative rates.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A, apply a motion sensor mat to the client's bed. This is an effective intervention to monitor the client's movements and prevent falls. The mat is placed under the bed sheet and will sound an alarm if the client tries to get out of bed.
- Moving the overbed table away from the bed is not the correct answer because it does not prevent falls.
- Raising all four side rails while the client is in bed is not the correct answer because it can cause the client to feel trapped and can lead to injuries if they try to climb over the rails.
- Leaving the television on in the client's room is not the correct answer because it can be distracting and interfere with the client's sleep.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
"Sitting quietly near the bedside can provide comfort and support." The nurse's response should provide appropriate comfort and support to the dying client's family, and sitting quietly near the bedside can provide just that.
Options A, C, and D are incorrect because medicating the client to wake them up or to minimize drowsiness is not appropriate as it interferes
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