A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a male client about a semen analysis to be done for suspected infertility.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
The specimen should be refrigerated after collection.
You should abstain from ejaculation for at least 2 to 3 days prior to the test.
The specimen should remain at room temperature for 3 to 4 hours prior to transport to the laboratory.
You will collect the specimen using a condom with spermicide. Sure, I understand your instructions.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Refrigerating the specimen after collection is not recommended for semen analysis. Cold temperatures can damage sperm motility and viability, leading to inaccurate results. The specimen should be kept at room temperature and transported to the laboratory within 1 hour of collection. This ensures that the sperm are analyzed under conditions that closely resemble their natural environment within the body, providing the most accurate assessment of their health and function.
Choice C rationale:
Allowing the specimen to remain at room temperature for 3 to 4 hours prior to transport is also not advised. While sperm can survive for a limited time outside the body, prolonged exposure to room temperature can also negatively impact their motility and viability. This can compromise the accuracy of the semen analysis results.
Choice D rationale:
Collecting the specimen using a condom with spermicide is strictly prohibited for semen analysis. Spermicides are designed to kill sperm, and their presence in the sample would render the analysis entirely invalid. It's crucial to collect the specimen directly into a sterile container provided by the laboratory to ensure no contaminants interfere with the analysis.
Choice B rationale:
Abstaining from ejaculation for 2 to 3 days prior to the semen analysis is essential for obtaining accurate results. This timeframe allows for optimal sperm concentration and quality within the ejaculate. Frequent ejaculation can deplete sperm reserves, potentially leading to lower sperm counts and reduced motility in the sample. By adhering to the recommended abstinence period, the chances of obtaining a representative and accurate assessment of the patient's semen quality are significantly increased.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale for Choice A:
An IV is not routinely initiated prior to a non-stress test. It may be started if a biophysical profile (BPP), which includes an ultrasound, is also being performed, or if there is a risk of complications that may necessitate immediate intervention. However, it is not a standard part of the non-stress test itself.
Rationale for Choice B:
Nipple stimulation is not a standard component of a non-stress test. It may be used in some cases to try to induce fetal movement if the fetus is not moving actively enough during the test. However, it is not a routine part of the procedure.
Rationale for Choice C:
An ultrasound is not typically performed prior to a non-stress test. It may be done as part of a BPP, but it is not necessary for the non-stress test itself.
Rationale for Choice D:
An external fetal monitor is essential for conducting a non-stress test. This monitor uses two belts that are placed around the mother's abdomen. One belt measures the fetal heart rate, and the other belt measures uterine contractions. The monitor records the fetal heart rate and any contractions for a period of 20 to 40 minutes. The test is considered reactive (normal) if the fetal heart rate increases by at least 15 beats per minute for at least 15 seconds twice during the test. This acceleration in heart rate is typically in response to fetal movement.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Placenta previa is a condition in which the placenta covers all or part of the cervix. It's a serious complication that can cause heavy bleeding during pregnancy and childbirth. However, it's not a direct complication of maternal gestational diabetes.
Choice B rationale:
Newborn hypoglycemia is a condition in which a newborn's blood sugar levels are too low. It can occur in infants of mothers with gestational diabetes, but it's not the most common or significant complication associated with the condition.
Choice C rationale:
Oligohydramnios is a condition characterized by a low amount of amniotic fluid around the baby. It can be associated with maternal gestational diabetes, but it's not as common as other complications, such as macrosomia (large for gestational age baby).
Choice D rationale:
Small for gestational age (SGA) newborn refers to a baby who is smaller than expected for their gestational age. It can be caused by several factors, including restricted intrauterine growth, which can be associated with maternal gestational diabetes. However, it's not the most direct or common complication of the condition.
Choice E rationale:
Maternal gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. It's the most common metabolic complication of pregnancy and can lead to several serious health risks for both the mother and baby. These risks include:
Macrosomia (large for gestational age baby): High blood sugar levels in the mother can cause the baby to grow excessively large, leading to complications during labor and delivery, such as shoulder dystocia, birth injuries, and cesarean delivery. Preeclampsia: Gestational diabetes increases the risk of preeclampsia, a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. It can affect multiple organs, including the liver and kidneys, and can be life-threatening for both mother and baby.
Premature birth: Women with gestational diabetes are more likely to deliver their babies prematurely, which can lead to health problems for the baby, such as respiratory distress syndrome, feeding difficulties, and developmental delays.
Neonatal hypoglycemia: Newborns of mothers with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) after birth due to the sudden withdrawal of maternal glucose supply. This can cause seizures, brain damage, and even death if not promptly treated.
Type 2 diabetes later in life: Both mother and child are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
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