A nurse in a provider’s office is reinforcing teaching about home care to a client who has mild preeclampsia. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? Choice Options:
Perform daily fetal movement counts.
Limit fluid intake to 1,000 ml/day.
Limit sodium intake to 2,000 mg/day.
Rest in bed in the supine position.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Fetal movement counts are a simple yet effective tool to monitor fetal well-being in women with preeclampsia. They provide valuable insights into the baby's activity level and can alert the healthcare team to potential concerns early on.
Preeclampsia can compromise placental blood flow, which can lead to decreased fetal movement. By tracking fetal movements daily, the mother can detect any significant changes or reductions in activity, prompting further assessment and intervention if necessary.
Research has shown that regular fetal movement counts can reduce the risk of stillbirth in women with preeclampsia. This is because prompt recognition of decreased fetal movements allows for timely interventions, such as closer monitoring, induction of labor, or delivery, to prevent adverse outcomes.
Daily fetal movement counts empower women to take an active role in their pregnancy care and contribute to a sense of control in a condition that can often feel unpredictable. This increased involvement can promote maternal-fetal bonding and reduce anxiety.
Choice B rationale:
While fluid restriction has been a traditional recommendation for preeclampsia, current evidence does not support limiting fluid intake to 1,000 ml/day. In fact, excessive fluid restriction can lead to dehydration, which can worsen placental perfusion and compromise fetal well-being.
It's essential for women with preeclampsia to maintain adequate hydration to support essential bodily functions and fetal growth. Adequate fluid intake also helps to prevent urinary tract infections, which are more common in women with preeclampsia.
Choice C rationale:
Although reducing sodium intake can be beneficial for overall blood pressure control, there's insufficient evidence to support a strict sodium restriction of 2,000 mg/day specifically for managing mild preeclampsia. Individual needs may vary, and a more moderate approach to sodium reduction is often recommended.
Focusing on a balanced, healthy diet with appropriate sodium intake is generally more effective than strict limitations. This approach promotes overall well-being and supports healthy blood pressure levels without compromising nutritional needs. Choice D rationale:
Rest is often recommended for women with preeclampsia to reduce stress on the cardiovascular system and promote placental blood flow. However, the supine position (lying on the back) is not ideal, as it can further compress the large blood vessels in the abdomen and potentially reduce blood flow to the placenta.
Side-lying positions, particularly the left lateral position, are preferred for women with preeclampsia. These positions help to alleviate pressure on the major blood vessels, enhance blood flow, and improve uteroplacental circulation, which benefits both the mother and the baby.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A:
Mood swings are a common and expected symptom of early pregnancy due to hormonal changes. They typically do not require medical attention unless they become severe or interfere with daily life.
While it's important to discuss mood swings with a healthcare provider, they are not considered a critical symptom that necessitates immediate action.
Choice C:
Urinary frequency, or the need to urinate more often, is also a common symptom of early pregnancy. It's caused by hormonal changes and the growing uterus putting pressure on the bladder.
While it can be inconvenient, it's typically not a cause for concern unless accompanied by other symptoms, such as pain or burning during urination.
Choice D:
Decreased energy, or fatigue, is another common and expected symptom of early pregnancy.
It's often caused by hormonal changes and the body's increased workload to support the growing fetus.
While it can be frustrating, it's typically not a cause for concern unless it becomes severe or interferes with daily life.
Choice B:
Facial edema, or swelling of the face, is not a common symptom of early pregnancy.
It can be a sign of preeclampsia, a serious pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine.
Preeclampsia can develop suddenly and progress quickly, so it's important to seek medical attention right away if facial edema occurs.
Key Points:
Facial edema is a potential sign of preeclampsia, a serious pregnancy complication.
Mood swings, urinary frequency, and decreased energy are common and expected symptoms of early pregnancy that typically do not require immediate medical attention.
It's important for pregnant women to be aware of potential warning signs and to seek medical advice promptly if they experience any concerning symptoms.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice b. Quickening occurs between the fourth and fifth months of pregnancy.
Choice A rationale:
Quickening does not start soon after implantation. Implantation occurs around 6-10 days after fertilization, but quickening, which is the first feeling of fetal movements, typically happens much later in pregnancy.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. Quickening usually occurs between 16 to 20 weeks of pregnancy, which corresponds to the fourth and fifth months.
Choice C rationale:
Quickening does not start during the last trimester. By the last trimester, fetal movements are usually strong and frequent, and the mother has been feeling them for several months.
Choice D rationale:
Quickening does not occur between the second and third month of pregnancy. At this stage, the fetus is still too small for its movements to be felt by the mother.
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