A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about age-related changes that affect medication administration for older adult clients.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Renal excretion time slows for medication.
Hepatic enzymes process medications more rapidly.
Brain receptors become less sensitive to medications.
Gastric emptying rate increases.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Renal excretion time slows for medication. As people age, kidney function gradually decreases, which slows the excretion of medications. This can lead to increased levels of the drug in the body, which can increase the risk of side effects.
Choice B rationale:
Hepatic enzymes do not process medications more rapidly in older adults. In fact, liver function also decreases with age, which can slow the metabolism of medications.
Choice C rationale:
Brain receptors do not become less sensitive to medications in older adults. The sensitivity of brain receptors to medications can vary widely and is not necessarily related to age.
Choice D rationale:
Gastric emptying rate does not increase with age. On the contrary, it often slows down, which can affect the absorption of some medications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Dissolving the medication in 30 mL of water is the correct action. This ensures that the medication is in a suitable form for administration via an NG tube and helps prevent the tube from becoming blocked.
Choice B rationale:
Maintaining the client in the supine position during medication administration is not recommended. This position increases the risk of aspiration. Instead, the client should be in an upright position during medication administration and for at least 30 minutes afterward.
Choice C rationale:
Adding the medication to the enteral feeding formula is not recommended. This can alter the effectiveness of the medication and can also clog the feeding tube.
Choice D rationale:
Flushing the tube with 5 mL of water after administering the medication is not enough. The tube should be flushed with at least 15-30 mL of water before and after medication administration to ensure that the entire dose has been administered and to prevent clogging of the tube.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
While a tuberculin syringe can be used for insulin administration, it’s not necessary when mixing NPH and regular insulin. Insulin syringes are typically used for this purpose.
Choice B rationale:
Injecting air into each vial before withdrawing insulin helps equalize pressure and makes it easier to draw up the insulin. This should be done before withdrawing any insulin.
Choice C rationale:
Withdrawing NPH insulin first contradicts the standard practice of drawing up insulins. The usual recommendation is to draw up short-acting (regular) insulin before intermediate-acting (NPH) insulin.
Choice D rationale:
Shaking the regular insulin vial is unnecessary and could potentially create bubbles, making it harder to draw up the correct dose of insulin.
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