A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about physiological changes in the digestive system that occur with aging. The nurse should include that older adults might experience which of the following physiological changes?

Decreased intestinal peristalsis

Decreased pH of the stomach

Increased muscle tone of the bowel

Increased gastric acid production

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: With aging, there is a slight slowing in the movement of contents through the large intestine and a modest decrease in the contractions of the rectum when filled with stool, leading to decreased intestinal peristalsis.

Choice B reason: Aging does not typically result in a decreased pH of the stomach. Instead, conditions that decrease acid secretion, such as atrophic gastritis, become more common with age.

Choice C reason: Increased muscle tone of the bowel is not a change associated with aging. In fact, muscle tone may decrease, contributing to issues such as constipation.

Choice D reason: Increased gastric acid production is not a typical physiological change with aging. The secretion of stomach juices such as acid and pepsin has little effect on aging, although conditions that decrease acid secretion become more common.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: A BMI of 18 falls within the underweight range, which is a BMI less than 18.5.

Choice B reason: A healthy weight BMI range is from 18.5 to 24.9, so a BMI of 18 does not fall within this category.

Choice C reason: Obesity is defined as a BMI of 30 or higher, which does not apply to a BMI of 18.

Choice D reason: Overweight is defined as a BMI from 25 to 29.9, so a BMI of 18 is not considered overweight.

A. Use warm water to clean the client's skin. B. Apply friction when drying the client's skin. C. Use soap to clean the client's skin. D. Apply a barrier cream to the client's skin.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Warm water should be used to clean the skin, as hot water can cause further irritation.

Choice B reason: Friction should be avoided when drying the skin to prevent damage. The skin should be patted dry
gently.

Choice C reason: Soap can be too harsh and drying for the skin, especially if it is already compromised by incontinence. A mild, pH-balanced cleanser is recommended.

Choice D reason: A barrier cream is essential to protect the skin from moisture and irritants found in urine, which can lead to skin breakdown and incontinence-associated dermatitis.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about physiological changes in the digestive system that occur with aging. The nurse should include that older adults might experience which of the following physiological changes?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 18. The nurse should place the client in which of the following BMI categories?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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