A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the guardian of a school-age child who has asthma.Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Choice A rationale

Avoiding participation in school sports is not recommended for children with asthma. Regular physical activity is important for overall health, and with proper management, children with asthma can safely engage in sports. Exercise-induced asthma can be controlled with pre-exercise medication and an asthma action plan, allowing children to remain active without exacerbating their condition.

Choice B rationale

The correct technique for using a peak flow meter involves inhaling deeply and then exhaling quickly and forcefully, not inhaling deeply and quickly. This instruction is incorrect and could lead to improper use of the device, affecting the accuracy of peak flow measurements. Accurate use of the peak flow meter is essential for monitoring asthma control.

Choice C rationale

Pneumococcal immunization is recommended for children with asthma because they are at an increased risk of respiratory infections, which can trigger asthma exacerbations. The vaccine helps protect against pneumococcal bacteria, reducing the likelihood of serious respiratory complications and supporting overall asthma management.

Choice D rationale

Salmeterol is a long-acting beta-agonist used for the maintenance treatment of asthma. It is not intended for managing acute exacerbations. For acute asthma attacks, short-acting bronchodilators such as albuterol are recommended to provide quick relief of symptoms. Using salmeterol for acute exacerbations could result in inadequate asthma control.

Choice A rationale

Hypotension is not a typical symptom of Cushing's syndrome. Instead, patients often experience hypertension due to increased cortisol levels.

Choice B rationale

Rapid weight loss is not associated with Cushing's syndrome. Patients with Cushing's syndrome often experience weight gain, particularly around the abdomen and face.

Choice C rationale

Rounded facial features, also known as "moon face," are a characteristic symptom of Cushing's syndrome, caused by the redistribution of fat due to elevated cortisol levels.

Choice D rationale

Hypersomnia, or excessive sleepiness, is not a common symptom of Cushing's syndrome. Instead, patients may experience fatigue and weakness but not necessarily increased sleep.