A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for three clients.
Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect for a client who has cirrhosis?

Elevated amylase.

Decreased bilirubin.

Elevated lipase.

Elevated ammonia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:

Elevated amylase is not typically associated with cirrhosis. Amylase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas and salivary glands, and elevated levels are more commonly associated with pancreatic disorders or acute pancreatitis.

Choice B rationale:

Decreased bilirubin is not an expected laboratory finding in cirrhosis. Cirrhosis often leads to impaired liver function, which can result in elevated bilirubin levels, causing jaundice.

Choice C rationale:

Elevated lipase is not a characteristic laboratory finding in cirrhosis. Lipase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas, and elevated levels are more often seen in pancreatic disorders or acute pancreatitis.

Choice D rationale:

The correct choice is D. Elevated ammonia levels are commonly associated with cirrhosis. In cirrhosis, the damaged liver is unable to effectively metabolize ammonia, leading to its accumulation in the blood. Elevated ammonia levels can result in hepatic encephalopathy, a neurological complication often seen in cirrhotic patients.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia refers to an elevated level of calcium in the blood. It is not typically a concern in a newborn, and monitoring for hypercalcemia is not necessary in this context. The infant's weight and maternal diabetes are more relevant factors to consider.

Choice B rationale:

Hypobilirubinemia. Hypobilirubinemia implies a low level of bilirubin in the blood, which is not a common concern in newborns, especially in the context of a newborn's weight and maternal diabetes. Monitoring for hyperbilirubinemia, which can lead to jaundice, would be more appropriate.

Choice C rationale:

Hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is a significant concern in newborns of diabetic mothers. Newborns born to diabetic mothers are at increased risk of hypoglycemia due to the abrupt cessation of the continuous glucose supply from the mother's bloodstream after birth. Monitoring the newborn's blood glucose levels is crucial in this case.

Choice D rationale:

Decreased RBC. Monitoring for decreased red blood cell (RBC) counts is not typically a primary concern in a newborn, especially one born to a diabetic mother. Hypoglycemia, which can be a result of maternal diabetes, poses a more immediate and significant threat to the newborn's well-being.

A. Sore throat B. Disorientation C. Blood pressure changes D. Tachycardia E. High fever F. Agranulocytosis

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B,C"},"C":{"answers":"B,C"},"D":{"answers":"B,C"},"E":{"answers":"B,C"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

Condition	Definition	Causes	Symptoms	Treatment
Agranulocytosis	A severe and potentially life-threatening reduction in the number of white blood cells (neutrophils) that fight infection.	Can be caused by some antipsychotic medications, such as clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine.	Sore throat, fever, chills, mouth ulcers, infections, bleeding, and fatigue.	Discontinuation of the offending medication, antibiotics, antifungals, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) injections to stimulate the bone marrow to produce more white blood cells.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)	A rare but serious reaction to antipsychotic medications, especially the older ones, such as haloperidol, fluphenazine, and chlorpromazine.	Can be triggered by high doses, rapid dose changes, or switching of antipsychotic medications.	High fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, autonomic instability (blood pressure changes, tachycardia, sweating, etc.), and elevated creatine kinase levels.	Discontinuation of the offending medication, supportive care, cooling measures, hydration, and medications such as dantrolene, bromocriptine, or amantadine to counteract the effects of dopamine blockade.
Serotonin Syndrome	A potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive levels of serotonin in the brain.	Can be caused by taking too much of a serotonin-enhancing medication, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), or other drugs that affect serotonin levels, such as tramadol, linezolid, or St. John’s wort. Can also be caused by combining two or more serotonin-enhancing medications.	Agitation, confusion, disorientation, anxiety, hallucinations, muscle spasms, tremors, shivering, hyperreflexia, incoordination, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, blood pressure changes, tachycardia, and hyperthermia.	Discontinuation of the offending medication(s), supportive care, hydration, and medications such as benzodiazepines, cyproheptadine, or serotonin antagonists to reduce serotonin levels.

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for three clients.Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect for a client who has cirrhosis?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from a newborn who weighs 5,160 g (11 lb, 6 oz) and whose mother has diabetes mellitus.For which of the following data should the nurse monitor?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B,C"},"C":{"answers":"B,C"},"D":{"answers":"B,C"},"E":{"answers":"B,C"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for three clients.
Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect for a client who has cirrhosis?