A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following blood gas values should the nurse expect?
pH 7.48 (7.35 to 7.45) PaCO 32 mm Hg (35 to 45 mm Hg). HC0 24 mg (22 to 25 mEq/L)
pH 7.36 (7:35 to 7.45) PaCO 38 mm Hg (35 to 45 mm Hg. HCO 25 mEq/L (22 to 26 mEq/L)
pH 7.46 (7.35 to 7.45) PaCO 36 mm Hg (35 to 45 mm Hg)HCO 29 mEq/L (22 to 25 mEq/L)
pH 7.26 (7.35 to 7.45). Paco; 35 mm Hg (35 to 45 min Hg HCD 18 mEq/L (22 to 26 mEq/L)
The Correct Answer is C
A. pH 7.48, PaCO₂ 32 mm Hg, HCO₃ 24 mEq/L: The elevated pH indicates alkalosis, but HCO₃ is within normal limits. This pattern suggests respiratory alkalosis with compensatory changes rather than metabolic alkalosis.
B. pH 7.36, PaCO₂ 38 mm Hg, HCO₃ 25 mEq/L: These values are within normal limits, indicating acid-base balance. They do not reflect metabolic alkalosis and would not explain clinical signs of alkalemia.
C. pH 7.46, PaCO₂ 36 mm Hg, HCO₃ 29 mEq/L: The elevated pH indicates alkalosis, and the increased HCO₃ identifies a metabolic origin. The PaCO₂ is near normal, suggesting minimal respiratory compensation, which is consistent with metabolic alkalosis.
D. pH 7.26, PaCO₂ 35 mm Hg, HCO₃ 18 mEq/L: The low pH and low HCO₃ indicate metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis. These values are inconsistent with the expected findings for metabolic alkalosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A. Preoccupied with details: Clients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) often focus excessively on rules, order, and minor details, which can interfere with task completion. This rigidity is a hallmark feature of the disorder.
B. Perfection: A strong need for perfectionism is characteristic of OCPD. Clients set unrealistically high standards for themselves and others, often leading to frustration and impaired functioning when these standards are not met.
C. Suspicious of others: Suspiciousness is more characteristic of paranoid personality disorder, not OCPD. Clients with OCPD are typically preoccupied with order and control rather than distrust of others’ motives.
D. Highly critical of self: Clients with OCPD tend to be self-critical and overly focused on flaws or mistakes, which reinforces rigid behaviors and perfectionistic tendencies.
E. Exploitative: Exploitative behavior is more characteristic of antisocial personality disorder. Clients with OCPD are generally rule-bound and conscientious rather than taking advantage of others for personal gain.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Decreased hemoglobin level: A reduction in hemoglobin is not an expected effect of furosemide and may indicate anemia or another unrelated condition. It does not reflect the diuretic’s effectiveness in managing fluid overload.
B. Increased weight of 0.91 kg (2 lb): An increase in weight suggests fluid retention rather than loss. Effective furosemide therapy should result in stable or decreased weight as excess fluid is excreted. Monitoring weight helps assess fluid balance in heart failure patients.
C. Decreased BUN level: Changes in BUN are influenced by multiple factors including renal function, hydration, and protein intake. A decrease is not a reliable indicator of furosemide effectiveness in reducing fluid volume.
D. Increased urinary output: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes excretion of sodium and water. An increase in urinary output indicates that the medication is effectively removing excess fluid, reducing edema, and alleviating symptoms of heart failure.
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