A nurse is reviewing the medical record for a child who is scheduled to receive a varicella immunization. Which of the following findings in the client's record should the nurse recognize as a contraindication?

Chemotherapy treatments

Medications for a cardiac anomaly

Clear rhinorrhea

Two diarrhea stools in the last day

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Chemotherapy treatments, which are used to treat cancer, can suppress the immune system and weaken the body's ability to respond to vaccines. As a result, receiving a live attenuated vaccine like the varicella immunization can pose a risk of severe complications for individuals undergoing chemotherapy. Therefore, it is contraindicated to administer the varicella vaccine in this case.

Medications for a cardiac anomaly, clear rhinorrhea, and two diarrhea stools in the last day are not contraindications for receiving a varicella immunization.

While medications for a cardiac anomaly and certain medical conditions may require special consideration or precautions when administering vaccines, they are not absolute contraindications for the varicella vaccine. The decision to administer the vaccine would depend on the individual's specific circumstances and the healthcare provider's assessment. Clear rhinorrhea (runny nose) and two diarrhea stools in the last day are considered minor illnesses and do not contraindicate the varicella vaccine. Generally, mild illnesses without fever or systemic symptoms do not pose a significant risk when receiving vaccines. However, it is always important to assess the overall health status of the individual and consult with a healthcare provider if there are concerns.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

"I should decrease my salt intake to 2 grams per day." - This statement is correct. Decreasing salt intake is an important dietary modification for individuals with hypertension. The general recommendation is to limit sodium intake to 2 grams per day or less. Reducing salt intake can help lower blood pressure levels.

"I can have two glasses of wine with dinner." - This statement is not accurate. While moderate alcohol consumption may have some health benefits, it is generally recommended to limit alcohol intake, especially for individuals with hypertension. The specific recommendation for alcohol consumption may vary depending on individual factors and should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

"I should exercise for 15 minutes two times per week." - This statement is not accurate. While any amount of physical activity is beneficial, the current recommendations for adults include at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic activity per week, along with muscle-strengthening activities on two or more days. The client should aim for a higher frequency and duration of exercise to achieve optimal health benefits.

A. Catatonia B. Acute onset of confusion C. Memory loss that disrupts ADLs D. Illusions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Dementia is characterized by progressive memory impairment, including difficulty remembering recent events, names, and familiar faces. This memory loss can significantly impact the client's ability to perform daily tasks independently.

While dementia is typically a chronic and progressive condition, it is not uncommon for individuals with dementia to experience acute episodes of confusion, often referred to as "sundowning." These episodes tend to occur in the late afternoon or evening and can involve increased agitation, restlessness, and disorientation.

Illusions are perceptual distortions where a person misinterprets real sensory stimuli. In dementia, individuals may experience illusions, such as mistaking a coat hanging on a door for a person or misinterpreting shadows as threatening figures.

Catatonia, characterized by immobility and unresponsiveness, is not typically associated with dementia. It is more commonly seen in conditions such as schizophrenia or certain neurological disorders.

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A nurse is reviewing the medical record for a child who is scheduled to receive a varicella immunization. Which of the following findings in the client's record should the nurse recognize as a contraindication?

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