A nurse is reviewing laboratory values of a client with chronic renal failure and discovers the client has a serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?
Administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
Initiating an IV potassium infusion.
Administering a potassium-sparing diuretic.
Encouraging the client to eat bananas.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate:
This medication removes potassium through the GI tract and is used to treat hyperkalemia.
B. Initiating an IV potassium infusion:
The client already has hyperkalemia; giving potassium would worsen it.
C. Administering a potassium-sparing diuretic:
These medications retain potassium and would further elevate potassium levels.
D. Encouraging the client to eat bananas:
Bananas are high in potassium and should be avoided in hyperkalemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hyperkalemia: In AKI, the kidneys cannot excrete potassium efficiently, leading to elevated potassium levels.
B. Hypernatremia: More common in dehydration but not typically associated with prerenal AKI, where sodium may actually be low due to dilution.
C. Hypophosphatemia: Phosphate tends to increase due to impaired excretion in AKI, not decrease.
D. Hypercalcemia: Calcium levels tend to decrease in AKI due to phosphate retention and reduced vitamin D activation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypomagnesemia: Magnesium levels are typically elevated in AKI due to reduced excretion.
B. Decreased creatinine level: Creatinine rises during the oliguric phase due to decreased filtration.
C. Hyperkalemia: Potassium accumulates in the blood during oliguria due to impaired excretion.
D. Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR): GFR is decreased in AKI.
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