A nurse is reviewing new prescriptions for a client who is experiencing acute manifestations of alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe for this client?

Buprenorphine

Naltrexone

Disulfiram

Bupropion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Buprenorphine:
Buprenorphine is a medication used in the treatment of opioid dependence. It acts on the same receptors in the brain as opioids, helping to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms in individuals recovering from opioid addiction. It is not typically used for alcohol withdrawal.

B. Naltrexone:
Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist used in the treatment of alcohol dependence. It works by blocking the effects of endorphins, the body's natural opioids. In the context of alcohol dependence, it reduces the rewarding effects of alcohol and decreases the craving for alcohol. Naltrexone can be prescribed for individuals experiencing acute manifestations of alcohol withdrawal as part of a comprehensive treatment plan.

C. Disulfiram:
Disulfiram is a medication that causes unpleasant symptoms (such as nausea, vomiting, and flushing) when alcohol is consumed. It works as a deterrent, discouraging individuals from drinking alcohol by creating a negative reaction. Disulfiram is used as a part of comprehensive alcohol treatment programs to help maintain abstinence. It is not typically used for acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms.

D. Bupropion:
Bupropion is an antidepressant medication that is also used to aid smoking cessation. It helps reduce withdrawal symptoms and the urge to smoke. While it is not used specifically for alcohol withdrawal, individuals with alcohol dependence often have higher rates of tobacco use. Bupropion might be prescribed to address both smoking cessation and depressive symptoms in individuals with alcohol dependence, but it does not directly address alcohol withdrawal.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Pseudoephedrine
Clients taking phenelzine, which is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) used to treat depression, need to avoid certain over-the-counter medications, especially those containing sympathomimetic amines like pseudoephedrine. Combining MAOIs with sympathomimetic medications can lead to a severe increase in blood pressure, potentially causing a hypertensive crisis.

B. Docusate sodium:
Docusate sodium is a stool softener and is generally safe to use with phenelzine. It does not have significant interactions with MAOIs.

C. Ranitidine:
Ranitidine is an H2 blocker used to reduce stomach acid production. It does not have significant interactions with phenelzine.

D. Ibuprofen:
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain and inflammation. While it does not interact directly with phenelzine, individuals taking phenelzine should avoid other medications, especially NSAIDs, that can increase the risk of bleeding due to phenelzine's effects on platelet function. However, this interaction is not as severe as the interaction between phenelzine and sympathomimetic medications like pseudoephedrine.

A. Paranoia B. A somatic delusion C. Concrete thinking D. A visual hallucination

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Paranoia:
Paranoia involves unfounded beliefs that others are plotting against, persecuting, or harming the individual. It is not directly related to the client's statement about bodily sensations.

B. A somatic delusion:
This is the correct choice. A somatic delusion is a false belief related to the body. In this case, the client believes that their heart exploded and blood is draining out, which is a somatic delusion involving bodily functions and sensations.

C. Concrete thinking:
Concrete thinking refers to a literal and straightforward way of thinking without the ability to interpret abstract or metaphorical language. While the client's statement is literal, it is not an example of concrete thinking. Concrete thinking would involve an inability to understand figurative language, which is not the case here.

D. A visual hallucination:
Visual hallucinations involve seeing things that are not present. The client's statement does not describe a visual experience but rather a false belief about bodily sensations, indicating a somatic delusion.

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A nurse is reviewing new prescriptions for a client who is experiencing acute manifestations of alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe for this client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for phenelzine. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following over-the-counter medications?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has schizophrenia. The client tells the nurse. "My heart exploded and my blood is draining out." The nurse should interpret this statement as which of the following manifestations?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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