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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has been experiencing a fever for the last 3 days. Which of the following laboratory results indicates the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?

Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Increased hematocrit

Decreased urine specific gravity

Increased calcium level

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN): BUN typically increases with dehydration.

B. Increased hematocrit: Hemoconcentration occurs in dehydration, increasing hematocrit levels.

C. Decreased urine specific gravity: Dehydration typically causes an increase in urine specific gravity.

D. Increased calcium level: Calcium levels do not directly indicate fluid volume status.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D","F","G","H","I","J"]

Explanation

A. Vocal quality – The client’s voice is hoarse and weak on Day 30, which may indicate dehydration, malnutrition, or an underlying respiratory issue.

B. Blood pressure – The client's blood pressure has slightly decreased but remains within a normal range, so it does not require immediate follow-up.

C. Albumin – Serum albumin levels are still within normal range.

D. BMI – The drop from 20 to 19 suggests unintentional weight loss, which could indicate malnutrition, inadequate intake, or an underlying illness.

E. Dentition –No difficulty in chewing reported.

F. Bowel pattern – The client has constipation for three days, which may require intervention to prevent complications like fecal impaction or discomfort.

G. Lung sounds – Diminished breath sounds at the bases may indicate fluid accumulation, atelectasis, or respiratory infection, requiring further evaluation.

H. Temperature – The client’s fever (38.1°C/100.6°F) suggests a possible infection and requires monitoring for underlying illness.

I. Secretions – Thick oral secretions may indicate dehydration, poor oral hygiene, or a swallowing issue, requiring follow-up to prevent aspiration.

J. Posture – The client’s slumped posture and fatigue could indicate weakness, nutritional deficiencies, or an underlying neurological or musculoskeletal problem.

A. Dry skin B. Increased urinary output C. Dilated pupils D. Hyperactive bowel sounds

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Dry skin: More commonly associated with dehydration or skin conditions, not a direct response to stress.

B. Increased urinary output: Stress usually triggers the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to decreased urinary output rather than an increase.

C. Dilated pupils: Stress activates the sympathetic nervous system (fight-or-flight response), leading to pupil dilation to enhance vision in a perceived emergency.

D. Hyperactive bowel sounds: Stress can affect digestion, but it is more commonly associated with nausea, not necessarily hyperactive bowel sounds.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has been experiencing a fever for the last 3 days. Which of the following laboratory results indicates the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client in a long-term care facility. Exhibits Which of the following assessment findings require follow-up by the nurse? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","D","F","G","H","I","J"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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