A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has been experiencing a fever for the last 3 days. Which of the following laboratory results indicates the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?

A. "Hold your breath for 6 seconds after inhaling the medication." – The correct recommendation is to hold the breath for at least 10 seconds to allow maximum medication absorption in the lungs.

B. "Inhale the medication deeply for 5 seconds." – A slow, deep inhalation (3-5 seconds) allows the medication to reach the lower airways effectively.

C. "Do not shake the medication in the inhaler." – Most metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) need to be shaken before use to ensure proper mixing of medication. Exceptions include dry powder inhalers (DPIs), which should not be shaken.

D. "Hold the inhaler 3 inches away from your mouth." – The correct distance is 1 to 2 inches (2-4 cm) from the mouth, or the mouthpiece can be placed directly into the mouth with lips sealed around it.

A. Ask the client to describe their feelings. Encouraging the client to express their emotions allows the nurse to assess their concerns and provide appropriate support. This is a key principle of therapeutic communication.

B. Discuss the competency of the surgeon with the client. While the surgeon's competency may help reassure the client, the nurse should not comment on the surgeon’s skill. Instead, the nurse should focus on the client's emotions and provide factual information about the procedure if needed.

C. Inform the client that others have had the procedure without problems. This response dismisses the client’s concerns rather than addressing their feelings. Each client’s experience is unique, and reassurance should be based on listening and providing accurate information.

D. Ask the client why they are experiencing anxiety. Asking “why” can make the client feel defensive. Instead, the nurse should use open-ended questions, such as "Can you tell me more about your concerns?", which encourages discussion without judgment.