A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who was admitted with a history of multiple myeloma. The nurse should expect to find an increase in which of the following laboratory values?

White blood cell count (WBC)

Calcium

Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

Platelets

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason : In multiple myeloma, the white blood cell count (WBC) is not typically elevated. Multiple myeloma primarily affects plasma cells, a type of white blood cell, but it does not usually result in an increased WBC count. Instead, the disease is characterized by the presence of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow, which can crowd out healthy blood cells¹.

Choice B reason : Patients with multiple myeloma often have elevated calcium levels, a condition known as hypercalcemia. This occurs because the cancerous plasma cells produce substances that cause bones to break down at a rate faster than they are made, releasing calcium into the bloodstream. Symptoms of hypercalcemia can include fatigue, weakness, confusion, and increased thirst and urination¹².

Choice C reason : The absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is not typically increased in multiple myeloma. ANC is a measure of the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell important for fighting infections. While multiple myeloma can affect overall bone marrow function, it does not specifically cause an increase in ANC.

Choice D reason : Platelet counts are not typically elevated in multiple myeloma. In fact, patients may experience thrombocytopenia, or a low platelet count, due to the overproduction of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow, which can interfere with the production of platelets¹.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason : Standard precautions are the primary strategy for the prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), standard precautions include hand hygiene and the use of personal protective equipment to prevent contact with blood and other potentially infectious materials¹. Since HCV is primarily transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, standard precautions are sufficient for routine care of patients with hepatitis C².

Choice B reason : Airborne precautions are not necessary for hepatitis C as it is not spread through the air. These precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through airborne droplet nuclei or dust particles containing the infectious agent, such as tuberculosis, measles, or chickenpox¹.

Choice C reason : Droplet precautions are also not required for hepatitis C because it is not spread through droplets in the air. Droplet precautions are used for infections that can be transmitted through large droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or during procedures such as suctioning and bronchoscopy¹.

Choice D reason : Contact precautions are not specifically required for hepatitis C unless there is a risk of blood contamination. Contact precautions are typically used for infections that are spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or the patient's environment, such as gastrointestinal, respiratory, skin, or wound infections¹.

A. Avoid exercise during flare-ups. B. Establish a regular sleep pattern. C. Increase calcium intake. D. Engage in yoga or running between flare-ups.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason : Avoiding exercise during flare-ups of fibromyalgia may seem intuitive to prevent exacerbating pain and fatigue. However, maintaining a gentle exercise routine, even during flare-ups, can help manage symptoms and prevent deconditioning¹.

Choice B reason : Establishing a regular sleep pattern is crucial for managing fibromyalgia. Poor sleep can exacerbate pain, fatigue, and cognitive difficulties commonly experienced with this condition. Good sleep hygiene practices can improve sleep quality and overall symptom management¹.

Choice C reason : While adequate calcium intake is essential for general health, there is no specific indication that increasing calcium intake alone would manage fibromyalgia symptoms. Nutritional needs should be addressed as part of a comprehensive approach to self-care¹.

Choice D reason : Yoga or running between flare-ups can be beneficial for clients with fibromyalgia. Regular exercise, including yoga, can improve pain, function, and quality of life. Running or other aerobic exercises can also be helpful if tolerated and done in moderation¹.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who was admitted with a history of multiple myeloma. The nurse should expect to find an increase in which of the following laboratory values?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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