A nurse is reviewing the medical histories of four clients.
Which of the following clients may develop extrapyramidal symptoms from medication therapy?

Choice A, "Do you think your anxiety is worse than everyone else's?", is invalidating and minimizes the client's experience. Comparing their anxiety to others is unhelpful and could further distress the client.

Choice B, "It doesn't appear as though you are feeling anxious.", is dismissive and ignores the client's self-report. This dismissive response could damage the therapeutic relationship and discourage the client from sharing openly.

Choice D, "I think you should see a therapist and a doctor tomorrow.", is directive and potentially premature. While suggesting mental health resources can be helpful, it's crucial to first understand the client's situation and preferences before making recommendations. Additionally, suggesting both a therapist and a doctor without further assessment might overwhelm the client.

Choice C, "Tell me what has been happening lately.", is an open-ended and validating that encourages the client to share their experiences and concerns. This shows the nurse is actively listening and creates a safe space for the client to explore their anxiety. By understanding the context and potential triggers, the nurse can then provide more tailored support and guidance.

Further rationale for Choice C:

Open-ended s are key tools in therapeutic communication. They promote client engagement, facilitate exploration of thoughts and feelings, and gather valuable information needed for assessment and planning.

Validating the client's experience is crucial in building trust and rapport. Recognizing and acknowledging their anxiety shows the nurse cares and is taking their concerns seriously.

This initial allows the client to guide the conversation, focusing on aspects they feel most comfortable sharing. This empowers the client and promotes autonomy.

Following the client's lead in the conversation also helps the nurse gather specific details about the nature and severity of the anxiety, informing subsequent assessment and intervention strategies.

In conclusion, Choice C, "Tell me what has been happening lately.", is the most appropriate response for a mental health nurse to use when assessing a client who reports an increase in anxiety. It demonstrates active listening, validates the client's experience, encourages engagement, and provides a foundation for further assessment and support.

Choice A rationale:

Coercion to take necessary prescribed medications is not an appropriate indication for the use of mechanical restraints. It violates the client's right to autonomy and informed consent.

Forcing a client to take medication against their will can lead to psychological trauma, distrust of healthcare providers, and even legal action.

Alternative interventions, such as patient education, negotiation, and behavioral strategies, should be explored first to encourage medication compliance.

If a client is refusing medication due to a lack of understanding, providing clear and concise information about the medication's purpose, benefits, and potential side effects can help facilitate informed decision-making.

Negotiation strategies can involve exploring the client's concerns and preferences, and working collaboratively to find a solution that addresses those concerns.

Behavioral strategies may include positive reinforcement for medication adherence, or the use of techniques such as distraction or relaxation to reduce anxiety associated with medication administration.

Choice B rationale:

Punishment for verbally abusing other clients is also not an appropriate indication for mechanical restraints.

Restraints should never be used as a form of punishment, as this can be considered abuse and can worsen the client's behavior.

Verbal abuse is often a symptom of underlying mental health issues, and it's important to address the root cause of the behavior rather than simply trying to suppress it through restraints.

Alternative interventions for verbal abuse might include de-escalation techniques, conflict resolution strategies, and individual or group therapy to address underlying emotional or behavioral issues.

Choice C rationale:

Discipline for throwing objects at staff in the nursing station is not an appropriate indication for mechanical restraints. Restraints should only be used as a last resort to protect the client or others from imminent harm.

Throwing objects may be a sign of agitation, frustration, or anger, and it's important to address the underlying cause of these behaviors.

Alternative interventions could include de-escalation techniques, providing a safe space for the client to calm down, medication to manage agitation, or behavioral therapy to teach coping skills.

Choice D rationale:

Self-destructive behavior after all previous alternative interventions have been unsuccessful is the only appropriate indication for mechanical restraints among the choices provided.

When a client is at risk of seriously harming themselves, and other interventions have failed to protect them, restraints may be necessary to prevent injury or death.

However, it's crucial to use restraints only as a temporary measure and to continuously monitor the client's condition and behavior.

As soon as the client is no longer at risk of self-harm, the restraints should be removed.