A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a child who is scheduled to receive a varicella immunization. Which of the following findings in the client's record should the nurse recognize as a contraindication?
Chemotherapy treatments
Medications for a cardiac anomaly
Clear rhinorrhea
Two diarrhea stools on the last day
The Correct Answer is A
Chemotherapy treatments, which are used to treat cancer, can suppress the immune system and weaken the body's ability to respond to vaccines. As a result, receiving a live attenuated vaccine like the varicella immunization can pose a risk of severe complications for individuals undergoing chemotherapy. Therefore, it is contraindicated to administer the varicella vaccine in this case.
Medications for a cardiac anomaly, clear rhinorrhea, and two diarrhea stools in the last day are not contraindications for receiving a varicella immunization.
While medications for a cardiac anomaly and certain medical conditions may require special consideration or precautions when administering vaccines, they are not absolute contraindications for the varicella vaccine. The decision to administer the vaccine would depend on the individual's specific circumstances and the healthcare provider's assessment.
Clear rhinorrhea (runny nose) and two diarrhea stools on the last day are considered minor illnesses and do not contraindicate the varicella vaccine. Generally, mild illnesses without fever or systemic symptoms do not pose a significant risk when receiving vaccines. However, it is always important to assess the overall health status of the individual and consult with a healthcare provider if there are concerns.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Fever.
Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. The characteristic symptoms of pertussis include paroxysmal (severe and uncontrollable) coughing fits, followed by a "whooping" sound during inhalation as the child tries to catch their breath. However, specific manifestations may vary depending on the stage of the illness.
Fever is a common manifestation of pertussis. The child may have an elevated body temperature as a response to the infection. The fever is typically low-grade but can occasionally be higher.
Koplik spots in (option B) is incorrect because they are small white or bluish-grey spots with a red halo that appear on the inside of the cheeks. However, Koplik spots are characteristic of measles (rubeola) and not pertussis.
Facial erythema, or redness of the face, in (option C) is incorrect because it is not a typical manifestation of pertussis. Facial redness may be seen in other conditions such as fever, allergic reactions, or certain skin conditions.
A beefy, red tongue Is in (option D) is incorrect because it is not associated with pertussis. This description is more commonly associated with other conditions such as vitamin B12 deficiency or certain types of oral infections.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Turn the child on to their side
When a child is experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure, the priority is to ensure their safety and protect their airway. Turning the child onto their side helps to prevent aspiration and maintain an open airway by allowing any saliva or fluids to drain out of the mouth. This position also helps to minimize the risk of injury.
The other options are incorrect:
Restraining the child's upper extremities in (option A) is not recommended during a seizure as it can potentially cause harm to the child or others around them.
Placing a padded tongue blade in the child's mouth in (option C) is an outdated practice that is no longer recommended. It can cause injury and is not necessary during a seizure.
Placing a pillow under the child's head in (option D) is generally not recommended during a seizure. It can interfere with the positioning of the head and may compromise the airway. The focus should be on maintaining an open airway and preventing injury, which is achieved by turning the child onto their side.
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