A nurse is reviewing the results of electrocardiography monitoring for a client who has atrial fibrillation. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

1:1 ratio of P to QRS waves

Absence of P waves

Prolonged PR interval

Prolonged QT interval

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. 1:1 ratio of P to QRS waves: Atrial fibrillation is characterized by chaotic atrial electrical activity, leading to the absence of distinct P waves. A 1:1 ratio of P to QRS waves is seen in normal sinus rhythm, not atrial fibrillation.

B. Absence of P waves: Atrial fibrillation causes rapid, disorganized atrial depolarization, resulting in the loss of identifiable P waves on ECG. Instead, fibrillatory waves are seen, and the ventricular response is irregularly irregular.

C. Prolonged PR interval: The PR interval represents the time between atrial and ventricular depolarization. In atrial fibrillation, there is no coordinated atrial depolarization, making the PR interval unmeasurable rather than prolonged.

D. Prolonged QT interval: A prolonged QT interval is associated with conditions like electrolyte imbalances, certain medications, and congenital syndromes, but it is not a typical feature of atrial fibrillation.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hospice care services: Hospice care is designed for clients with terminal illnesses who require end-of-life care. Crohn’s disease and an ileostomy do not indicate a terminal condition, making hospice services inappropriate for this client.

B. Long-term care facility: Long-term care facilities are for clients who need continuous medical or personal care and are unable to live independently. Most clients with an ileostomy can manage their care at home with proper education and support, making this resource unnecessary.

C. Rehabilitation center: Rehabilitation centers are primarily for clients recovering from major injuries, strokes, or surgeries that impair mobility or function. While an ileostomy requires adjustment, it does not typically necessitate inpatient rehabilitation.

D. Visiting nurse services: Home health nurses provide essential support for clients with a new ileostomy by assisting with ostomy care, monitoring for complications, and reinforcing self-care education. This service helps facilitate a smoother transition to independent ostomy management.

A. 150 mL of greenish yellow NG drainage B. Client requests medication for nausea C. Urinary output of 250 mL over past 12 hr D. Hypoactive bowel sounds

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. 150 mL of greenish yellow NG drainage: This amount and color of drainage are expected after abdominal surgery, as bile-stained gastric contents can be present. It does not indicate a complication that requires provider notification.

B. Client requests medication for nausea: Nausea is a common postoperative symptom, often managed with antiemetics. While it should be addressed, it is not an urgent finding that requires immediate provider notification.

C. Urinary output of 250 mL over past 12 hr: Oliguria, defined as urine output less than 30 mL/hr (or less than 400 mL in 24 hr), suggests inadequate renal perfusion, possibly due to hypovolemia or acute kidney injury. This finding requires prompt provider notification.

D. Hypoactive bowel sounds: Reduced bowel activity is common after abdominal surgery due to anesthesia and opioid use. While monitoring is necessary, hypoactive sounds alone are not an urgent concern unless accompanied by other signs of ileus or obstruction.

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A nurse is reviewing the results of electrocardiography monitoring for a client who has atrial fibrillation. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

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