A nurse is taking a class about patient safety.

Which of the following statements is true regarding patient safety and prevention of harm?

Medication errors are adverse events.

Errors of execution are usually intentional and occur because of time or resource constraints.

As many as 90% of medication errors are preventable.

Poorly coordinated care and nosocomial infections are examples of errors.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
While medication errors are indeed considered adverse events, this statement does not fully capture the scope of patient safety and prevention of harm.
Choice B rationale
Errors of execution are usually unintentional, not intentional. They often occur due to system failures rather than time or resource constraints.
Choice C rationale
It is estimated that as many as 90% of medication errors are preventable. This highlights the importance of safety measures and protocols in healthcare settings to prevent harm to patients.
Choice D rationale
Poorly coordinated care and nosocomial infections are examples of errors, but they represent only a fraction of the potential safety issues in healthcare.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A never event refers to a particularly shocking medical error (such as wrong-site surgery) that should never occur. A surgical site infection, while unfortunate, does not fall into this category.
Choice B rationale
A near miss refers to an event that could have had adverse consequences but did not, either by chance or timely intervention. In this case, the client did experience an adverse consequence (the infection), so this term does not apply.
Choice C rationale
An adverse event is an injury caused by medical management rather than the underlying disease. In this case, the surgical site infection that developed after the knee replacement surgery can be considered an adverse event.
Choice D rationale
A sentinel event is a specific type of unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury. While serious, a surgical site infection requiring prolonged antibiotic therapy and wound care does not typically fall into this category.

A. It decreases trapped oxygen in the alveoli. B. It promotes independent breathing efforts. C. It keeps the airways and small lung spaces open. D. It facilitates weaning off the mechanical ventilator.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
PEEP does not decrease trapped oxygen in the alveoli. Instead, it helps to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, which can improve oxygenation.
Choice B rationale
PEEP does not directly promote independent breathing efforts. It is a mode of mechanical ventilation used to support a patient’s breathing.
Choice C rationale
PEEP keeps the airways and small lung spaces open by increasing the pressure in the lungs at the end of expiration. This can prevent alveolar collapse and improve oxygenation in patients with conditions like ARDS23.
Choice D rationale
While PEEP can be used in the process of weaning a patient off mechanical ventilation, its primary benefit is not facilitating weaning. It is used to improve oxygenation and prevent alveolar collapse.

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A nurse is taking a class about patient safety. Which of the following statements is true regarding patient safety and prevention of harm?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 65-year-old client with a history of diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital for a scheduled knee replacement surgery. During the postoperative period, the client developed a surgical site infection that required prolonged antibiotic therapy and wound care. This event is categorized as:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and being treated with positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). How does PEEP benefit the client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is taking a class about patient safety.

Which of the following statements is true regarding patient safety and prevention of harm?