A nurse is taking a health history of a client who reports occasionally taking several over-the-counter medications, including an H2 receptor antagonist (famotidine). Which of the following outcomes indicates that famotidine is therapeutic?

Relief of heartburn

Cessation of diarrhea

Passage of flatus

Absence of constipation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Relief of heartburn is the correct outcome that indicates that famotidine is therapeutic. Famotidine is a medication that belongs to the class of H2 receptor antagonists, which work by blocking the action of histamine on the H2 receptors of the stomach cells, thereby reducing the production of gastric acid. Famotidine is used to treat and prevent conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger Ellison syndrome, which are characterized by excessive acid secretion and irritation of the esophagus and stomach. Famotidine can relieve the symptoms of heartburn, which is a burning sensation in the chest or throat caused by the reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus.

Choice B reason: Cessation of diarrhea is not an outcome that indicates that famotidine is therapeutic. Famotidine is a medication that belongs to the class of H2 receptor antagonists, which work by blocking the action of histamine on the H2 receptors of the stomach cells, thereby reducing the production of gastric acid. Famotidine does not affect the motility or secretion of the intestines, and it is not used to treat diarrhea, which is a condition of frequent and loose bowel movements. Diarrhea can have various causes, such as infections, medications, food intolerance, or inflammatory bowel disease, and it requires different treatments depending on the underlying cause. Famotidine is not effective for treating diarrhea, and it may even worsen it by reducing the acidity of the stomach and increasing the risk of bacterial overgrowth.

Choice C reason: Passage of flatus is not an outcome that indicates that famotidine is therapeutic. Famotidine is a medication that belongs to the class of H2 receptor antagonists, which work by blocking the action of histamine on the H2 receptors of the stomach cells, thereby reducing the production of gastric acid. Famotidine does not affect the digestion or fermentation of food in the gastrointestinal tract, and it is not used to treat flatulence, which is the accumulation and expulsion of gas from the stomach or intestines. Flatulence can have various causes, such as swallowing air, eating certain foods, or having a bacterial imbalance in the gut, and it requires different treatments depending on the underlying cause. Famotidine is not effective for treating flatulence, and it may even increase it by reducing the acidity of the stomach and altering the gut flora.

Choice D reason: Absence of constipation is not an outcome that indicates that famotidine is therapeutic. Famotidine is a medication that belongs to the class of H2 receptor antagonists, which work by blocking the action of histamine on the H2 receptors of the stomach cells, thereby reducing the production of gastric acid. Famotidine does not affect the motility or secretion of the intestines, and it is not used to treat constipation, which is a condition of infrequent or difficult bowel movements. Constipation can have various causes, such as dehydration, lack of fiber, medications, or bowel obstruction, and it requires different treatments depending on the underlying cause. Famotidine is not effective for treating constipation, and it may even cause it by reducing the acidity of the stomach and slowing down the digestion.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: "If my breathing begins to feel tight, I will use the cromolyn immediately." is an incorrect statement for the client who has asthma and new prescriptions for Albuterol and Atrovent, both by nebulizer. Cromolyn is a medication that prevents the release of inflammatory substances from the mast cells in the airways, which can cause bronchospasm and asthma symptoms¹. Cromolyn is not a rescue medication, but a maintenance medication that should be used regularly to prevent asthma attacks. The client should use Albuterol, a short acting beta agonist, to relieve acute bronchospasm and wheezing.

Choice B reason: "I will be sure to take the albuterol before taking the Atrovent." is a correct statement for the client who has asthma and new prescriptions for Albuterol and Atrovent, both by nebulizer. Albuterol is a medication that relaxes the muscles in the airways and increases the airflow to the lungs, which can improve the breathing and reduce the wheezing in patients with asthma. Atrovent is a medication that blocks the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that causes bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion, which can worsen the asthma symptoms. The client should take the Albuterol before the Atrovent, as this will allow the Albuterol to open the airways and enhance the absorption and effectiveness of the Atrovent.

Choice C reason: "I will administer the medications 10 minutes apart." is an unnecessary statement for the client who has asthma and new prescriptions for Albuterol and Atrovent, both by nebulizer. The client does not need to wait 10 minutes between the administration of the two medications, as they can be given together in the same nebulizer chamber. This will save time and simplify the treatment regimen for the client. The client should follow the instructions on the medication label or the prescriber's order regarding the dosage and frequency of the nebulizer treatments.

Choice D reason: "I will use both medications immediately after exercising." is an inappropriate statement for the client who has asthma and new prescriptions for Albuterol and Atrovent, both by nebulizer. The client should not use both medications immediately after exercising, as this may not prevent or relieve exercise induced bronchospasm, a condition that causes the airways to narrow during or after physical activity. The client should use Albuterol, a short acting beta agonist, before exercising, as this will prevent the bronchospasm and allow the client to exercise safely and comfortably. The client should use Atrovent, an anticholinergic, as prescribed, usually twice a day, to control the chronic symptoms of asthma.

A. Polydipsia B. Shaking C. Confusion D. Tachycardia E. Polyuria

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Polydipsia is excessive thirst, which is a symptom of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), not hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). People with hyperglycemia lose fluid through frequent urination and become dehydrated, which makes them thirsty.

Choice B reason: This is correct. Shaking is a common sign of hypoglycemia. It occurs because the body releases adrenaline and other hormones to raise blood sugar levels. Adrenaline causes the muscles to tremble or shake.

Choice C reason: This is correct. Confusion is another common sign of hypoglycemia. It occurs because the brain does not get enough glucose, which is its main source of energy. Low blood sugar can impair cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and judgment.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Tachycardia is a rapid heart rate, which can be a symptom of both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. However, it is not a specific or reliable indicator of low blood sugar, as it can also be caused by other factors, such as stress, anxiety, caffeine, or medication.

Choice E reason: This is incorrect. Polyuria is excessive urination, which is another symptom of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. People with hyperglycemia have high levels of glucose in their blood, which draws water from the cells and increases urine output.

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A nurse is taking a health history of a client who reports occasionally taking several over-the-counter medications, including an H2 receptor antagonist (famotidine). Which of the following outcomes indicates that famotidine is therapeutic?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and new prescriptions for Albuterol and Atrovent, both by nebulizer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

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