The nurse is teaching a patient about the long-term use of Fluticasone. The patient demonstrates understanding when they state:

I will not engage in strenuous activity after taking Fluticasone.

I will eat potassium rich foods now.

I should watch for signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia.

I will not eat for 4 hours after taking Fluticasone.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Fluticasone is a corticosteroid that is used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis. It does not affect the patient's ability to exercise or engage in strenuous activity. In fact, exercise can help improve lung function and reduce inflammation.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Fluticasone does not affect the patient's potassium levels. Potassium is an electrolyte that is important for the function of the heart, muscles, and nerves. Some medications, such as diuretics, can lower potassium levels and require the patient to eat potassium rich foods, such as bananas, potatoes, and tomatoes. Fluticasone is not one of them.

Choice C reason: This is correct. Fluticasone can cause hyperglycemia, which is high blood sugar. This can occur because corticosteroids can increase the production of glucose in the liver and reduce the sensitivity of the cells to insulin, the hormone that regulates blood sugar. Hyperglycemia can cause symptoms such as increased thirst, hunger, urination, fatigue, and blurred vision. The patient should monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and report any changes to their doctor.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Fluticasone does not affect the patient's digestion or appetite. It can be taken with or without food. There is no need to avoid eating for 4 hours after taking Fluticasone. However, the patient should rinse their mouth with water after using Fluticasone inhaler or nasal spray, as this can help prevent oral thrush, a fungal infection that can cause white patches, soreness, and bleeding in the mouth.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: The initial phase of drug distribution is not the correct definition of the term 'first pass effect'. Drug distribution is the process by which a drug moves from the bloodstream to the tissues and organs of the body. The initial phase of drug distribution is influenced by factors such as blood flow, tissue permeability, plasma protein binding, and tissue binding. The first pass effect is not related to drug distribution, but to drug metabolism, which is the chemical transformation of a drug in the body.

Choice B reason: The rapid absorption of a drug in the intestine is not the correct definition of the term 'first pass effect'. Drug absorption is the process by which a drug enters the bloodstream from the site of administration. The rapid absorption of a drug in the intestine depends on factors such as the drug formulation, the pH of the gastrointestinal tract, the presence of food or other drugs, and the surface area and motility of the intestine. The first pass effect is not related to drug absorption, but to drug metabolism, which is the chemical transformation of a drug in the body.

Choice C reason: The initial rapid excretion of a drug through the urinary system is not the correct definition of the term 'first pass effect'. Drug excretion is the process by which a drug or its metabolites are eliminated from the body. The initial rapid excretion of a drug through the urinary system is influenced by factors such as the renal blood flow, the glomerular filtration rate, the tubular secretion and reabsorption, and the urine pH. The first pass effect is not related to drug excretion, but to drug metabolism, which is the chemical transformation of a drug in the body.

Choice D reason: The metabolism of a drug before it reaches the systemic circulation is the correct definition of the term 'first pass effect'. Drug metabolism is the process by which a drug is chemically transformed in the body, usually by enzymes in the liver or other tissues. The first pass effect is a phenomenon of drug metabolism that occurs when a drug is administered orally and passes through the gastrointestinal tract and the liver before reaching the systemic circulation. The first pass effect can reduce the bioavailability and the effectiveness of the drug, as some or most of the drug may be metabolized and inactivated before reaching the site of action.

A. Polydipsia B. Shaking C. Confusion D. Tachycardia E. Polyuria

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Polydipsia is excessive thirst, which is a symptom of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), not hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). People with hyperglycemia lose fluid through frequent urination and become dehydrated, which makes them thirsty.

Choice B reason: This is correct. Shaking is a common sign of hypoglycemia. It occurs because the body releases adrenaline and other hormones to raise blood sugar levels. Adrenaline causes the muscles to tremble or shake.

Choice C reason: This is correct. Confusion is another common sign of hypoglycemia. It occurs because the brain does not get enough glucose, which is its main source of energy. Low blood sugar can impair cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and judgment.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Tachycardia is a rapid heart rate, which can be a symptom of both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. However, it is not a specific or reliable indicator of low blood sugar, as it can also be caused by other factors, such as stress, anxiety, caffeine, or medication.

Choice E reason: This is incorrect. Polyuria is excessive urination, which is another symptom of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. People with hyperglycemia have high levels of glucose in their blood, which draws water from the cells and increases urine output.

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The nurse is teaching a patient about the long-term use of Fluticasone. The patient demonstrates understanding when they state:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What does the term 'first pass effect' refer to?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

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