A nurse is taking care of a client who has sustained a neurologic injury with increased intracranial pressure and decreased cerebral perfusion. Which of the following will keep cerebral perfusion pressure constant?

Regulation of constriction and dilation of blood vessels in the brain

Regulation of catecholamines circulating throughout the body

Regulation of the amount of carbon dioxide exhaled

Regulation of how much blood is pumped from the heart

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   The constriction and dilation of blood vessels in the brain helps maintain appropriate cerebral blood flow and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) despite fluctuations in blood pressure.
B.   Catecholamines regulate other systemic body functions, but they do not directly impact cerebral perfusion pressure.
C.   Carbon dioxide exhalation can affect blood flow, but the primary regulation of CPP is through blood vessel constriction and dilation.
D.   The amount of blood pumped from the heart can impact overall blood pressure but does not directly regulate cerebral perfusion pressure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Clouding of the lens is a sign of cataracts, not diabetic retinopathy.
B. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels of the retina, leading to symptoms like seeing spots, floaters, or blurred vision. It often progresses silently and can lead to blindness if not monitored.
C. Increase in intraocular pressure is a characteristic of glaucoma, not diabetic retinopathy.
D. Eye exams every 2 years is not frequent enough for diabetic patients. They should have annual eye exams to monitor for diabetic retinopathy.

A. Brudzinski's sign B. Bradykinesia C. Nuchal rigidity D. Kernig's sign

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Brudzinski's sign is a clinical sign of meningeal irritation where passive neck flexion causes involuntary flexion of the hips and knees. It is a positive sign of meningitis.
B. Bradykinesia refers to slow movement, commonly associated with Parkinson’s disease.
C. Nuchal rigidity is stiffness in the neck, a sign of meningitis, but it does not describe the involuntary leg movement seen in this case.
D. Kernig's sign involves resistance to extending the leg while the hip is flexed, not the involuntary flexion of the legs.

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A nurse is taking care of a client who has sustained a neurologic injury with increased intracranial pressure and decreased cerebral perfusion. Which of the following will keep cerebral perfusion pressure constant?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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