A nurse is talking with a young adult client who has a family history of osteoporosis, Which health promotion activity should the nurse recommend as a possible preventive measure?

Increase sodium intake.

Drink a cup of coffee each morning

Have a bone-density scan each year.

Engage in weight-bearing exercise regularly

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increase sodium intake - This is not a preventive measure for osteoporosis. High sodium intake can lead to increased calcium excretion and weaken bones.

B. Drink a cup of coffee each morning - Caffeine consumption, especially in excess, can interfere with calcium absorption and increase calcium excretion. Limiting caffeine intake is recommended for bone health. Drinking coffee in moderation is acceptable but excessive consumption should be avoided.

C. Have a bone-density scan each year - While bone-density scans (DEXA scans) are useful for diagnosing osteoporosis or assessing bone health, they are not typically recommended for young adults with a family history of osteoporosis unless there are specific risk factors present. Yearly scans are unnecessary and not cost-effective for young adults without significant risk factors.

D. Engage in weight-bearing exercise regularly - Weight-bearing exercises, such as walking, jogging, dancing, and resistance training, help to increase bone density and strength. Regular physical activity, especially weight-bearing exercises, is a recommended preventive measure against osteoporosis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Avoiding the use of ice packs to treat muscle pain - While ice packs can cause skin damage in older adults with thinning skin, it is not the most appropriate response to the question. Protecting against shearing injuries is a more direct and specific concern related to thinning skin.

B. Protecting older adults against excessive sweat accumulation - Excessive sweat accumulation can lead to skin irritation, but this option does not directly address the issue of thinning skin as the primary concern in the question.

C. By protecting older adults against shearing injuries
Thinning skin in older adults makes them more vulnerable to skin injuries, especially shearing injuries. Shearing occurs when the skin is pulled in one direction while the underlying bone and tissues are pulled in the opposite direction. This can lead to skin tears and other wounds, which can be painful and slow to heal in older adults. Nurses should take special precautions to prevent shearing injuries, such as using lift sheets or sliding devices when moving patients, and ensuring that patients are repositioned frequently to reduce friction and shearing forces.

D. Avoiding the use of lotion on older adults' skin - Proper moisturization of the skin is important, especially in older adults, to prevent dryness and skin breakdown. Avoiding lotion is not a recommended practice; instead, choosing appropriate, non-irritating lotions can help maintain skin integrity.

A. Increased thickness of the subcutaneous skin layer B. Changes in the character and quantity of bacterial skin flora C. Increased time required for wound healing D. Increased elasticity of the skin

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Increased thickness of the subcutaneous skin layer - Aging typically results in thinning of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, making older adults more vulnerable to pressure ulcers rather than having increased thickness.

B. Changes in the character and quantity of bacterial skin flora - This is a common age-related change; however, it is not directly related to the course of treatment for a sacral pressure ulcer. Proper wound care can mitigate the impact of changes in skin flora.

C. Increased time required for wound healing - Aging often leads to a decline in the body's ability to repair and regenerate tissues, which can prolong the healing process of wounds, including pressure ulcers. Older adults may experience delayed wound healing compared to younger individuals.

D. Increased elasticity of the skin - Skin elasticity decreases with age, making older adults more susceptible to skin breakdown and pressure ulcers due to reduced skin resilience and ability to redistribute pressure. Increased elasticity would not affect the course of treatment positively but rather negatively in this context.

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A nurse is talking with a young adult client who has a family history of osteoporosis, Which health promotion activity should the nurse recommend as a possible preventive measure?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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