A nurse is teaching a class about the interlocking principles of shared governance. Which of the following principles should the nurse include?

(Select All that Apply.)

A. Playing a video game with an adolescent does not typically involve medical or technical procedures that require specialized training. This assignment focuses on providing companionship and support, which is appropriate for a volunteer, especially if the activity is aimed at providing comfort and distraction.
B. Transporting a patient who is in traction requires specific training and knowledge to ensure the patient’s safety and proper handling of the traction equipment. Volunteers typically do not have the necessary training to safely manage such tasks, and improper handling could lead to complications or injury.
C. Reading a book to a preschool-aged child is a non-medical, supportive activity that does not involve any clinical procedures or risks. It is an appropriate way for a volunteer to provide comfort and engagement to a child in a non-invasive manner.
D. Rocking an infant is a comforting and supportive activity that does not require medical expertise. Volunteers can safely provide physical comfort and emotional support to infants, as long as they follow any specific guidelines or protocols provided by the healthcare facility.

A. Evaluating pain relief involves assessing the effectiveness of pain management, which requires clinical judgment, assessment skills, and an understanding of the client’s response to medication. This task involves interpreting changes in pain levels and making decisions about further interventions, which is beyond the scope of an AP’s responsibilities.
B. Wound irrigation involves a clinical procedure that requires specialized knowledge and skills, including understanding wound care techniques and infection control practices. This task requires a level of assessment and clinical decision-making that APs are not trained to perform.
C. Teaching a client about dietary changes, such as low-sodium foods, requires specialized knowledge about nutrition and the ability to tailor information to the client’s specific needs. This type of education involves clinical judgment and expertise in dietary management, which is not within the scope of an AP’s role.
D. Measuring and recording intake and output (I&O) involves tracking the volume of fluids consumed and excreted by a client. This task is a basic responsibility that APs are trained to perform, as it involves straightforward data collection without requiring clinical judgment. The recorded data can then be used by RNs or LPNs to make further clinical decisions.