A nurse is teaching a class of newly licensed nurses about infectious diseases that nurses are required to report to the health department. Which of the following diseases should the nurse include in the teaching?
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Fibromyalgia syndrome
Herpes simplex virus
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
The Correct Answer is A
A. Pulmonary tuberculosis. This is correct because tuberculosis is a highly contagious airborne disease that must be reported to the health department for tracking, treatment, and public health intervention.
B. Fibromyalgia syndrome. This is incorrect because fibromyalgia is a chronic pain condition that is not infectious and does not require mandatory reporting.
C. Herpes simplex virus. This is incorrect because herpes simplex, though contagious, is not a reportable disease.
D. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This is incorrect because MRSA infections are not universally required to be reported, though some states may have specific regulations for outbreaks in healthcare settings.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A client who has heart failure and received furosemide IV 8 hr ago:
Clients with heart failure require ongoing monitoring for fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and signs of worsening symptoms. IV furosemide indicates active treatment, so this client is not stable for discharge.
B. A client who was admitted 24 hr ago with chest pain:
A client with recent chest pain requires further evaluation for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Even if pain has resolved, monitoring for cardiac events is essential. This client is not stable for discharge.
C. A client who had a seizure 48 hr ago and is on seizure precautions:
Recent seizures require continued monitoring to assess for recurrence, medication adjustments, and safety precautions. This client is not stable for discharge.
D. A client who is scheduled to have a colonoscopy in 12 hr:
A colonoscopy is an elective procedure and does not require hospitalization. This client is stable and can be discharged to free up resources for mass casualty victims.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hypertension is not a typical finding of hypocalcemia. Instead, hypocalcemia can cause hypotension due to decreased myocardial contractility.
B. Muscle twitching is a common manifestation of hypocalcemia. Low calcium levels increase neuromuscular excitability, leading to twitching, tetany, and spasms.
C. A bounding pulse is not associated with hypocalcemia. Instead, hypocalcemia can cause weak, thready pulses due to decreased cardiac output.
D. Increased urine output is not a direct symptom of hypocalcemia. However, hypercalcemia can lead to polyuria due to its effect on the kidneys.
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