A nurse is teaching a client undergoing hemodialysis about the importance of maintaining vascular access. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

"I should avoid using the arm with the arteriovenous (AV) fistula for blood pressure measurements."

"I can use the AV fistula arm for intravenous catheter insertion."

"I should avoid performing self-cannulation of my AV graft."

"I can apply pressure to my AV fistula site if it starts bleeding."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Correct. Using the arm with the AV fistula for blood pressure measurements can compress the vascular access and compromise blood flow. It is important to avoid using the fistula arm for blood pressure measurements and venipuncture.

B. Incorrect. The AV fistula should not be used for intravenous catheter insertion to prevent potential damage and infection to the access site.

C. Incorrect. Self-cannulation of the AV graft is typically performed by healthcare professionals, and clients should not attempt to self-cannulate their vascular access.

D. Incorrect. If an AV fistula starts bleeding, the client should not apply pressure to the site. Instead, they should immediately elevate the arm and apply pressure to the bleeding site with a clean cloth or bandage while seeking medical attention.

QUESTIONS

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This statement is incorrect. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is not an indication for initiating dialysis. In AKI, electrolyte imbalances can occur, but hyperkalemia is more likely due to impaired kidney function.

B) This statement is incorrect. Hyponatremia (low sodium levels) is not a primary indication for initiating dialysis in AKI. It can occur due to fluid shifts, but the primary concern in AKI is the accumulation of waste products like urea, leading to uremia.

C) This statement is incorrect. Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) is not a primary indication for initiating dialysis in AKI. Hypernatremia is rare in AKI and usually occurs when there is a significant loss of free water compared to sodium intake.

D) Uremia, which is characterized by elevated levels of urea and other waste products in the blood, is a critical indication for initiating dialysis in clients with acute kidney injury. Dialysis helps remove these toxic substances from the bloodstream.

A. "You should limit your protein intake to preserve kidney function." B. "Increase your sodium intake to maintain blood pressure during dialysis." C. "Avoid potassium-rich foods to prevent hyperkalemia." D. "Consume a high-phosphorus diet to support bone health."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Protein intake is essential for maintaining body functions, but clients on dialysis may need to adjust their protein intake based on their individual needs and dialysis prescription.

B. Incorrect. Clients on dialysis may need to limit their sodium intake to manage fluid retention and blood pressure.

C. Correct. Clients on dialysis often need to avoid potassium-rich foods to prevent hyperkalemia, as the kidneys are unable to adequately remove excess potassium from the blood.

D. Incorrect. Clients on dialysis typically need to restrict their phosphorus intake to prevent complications related to high phosphorus levels, such as bone disease and cardiovascular issues.

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A nurse is teaching a client undergoing hemodialysis about the importance of maintaining vascular access. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with acute kidney injury (AKI). The client's urine output is significantly reduced, and laboratory tests show elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. Which of the following is the primary indication for initiating dialysis in this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client who will be starting dialysis. Which statement by the nurse is correct regarding dietary changes?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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