A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diphenhydramine for allergic rhinitis. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Nonproductive cough

Drowsiness

Urinary retention

Dry mouth

Skin rash

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

A. Nonproductive cough: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine, not a cough suppressant. It does not cause a nonproductive cough as a side effect.

B. Drowsiness: First-generation antihistamines (like diphenhydramine) cause CNS depression, leading to drowsiness.

C. Urinary retention: Diphenhydramine has anticholinergic effects, which can lead to urinary retention, especially in older adults or those with prostate issues.

D. Dry mouth: Diphenhydramine blocks muscarinic receptors, reducing saliva production and causing dry mouth.

E. Skin rash: Skin rash is not a common adverse effect of diphenhydramine but can be a sign of an allergic reaction.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. AV Node: The AV node is responsible for delaying electrical impulses before they pass to the ventricles, but it does not generate the P wave. It affects the PR interval rather than the P wave itself.

B. SA Node: The SA (sinoatrial) node initiates electrical impulses and is responsible for atrial depolarization, which produces the P wave on an ECG. This makes it the correct answer.

C. Purkinje Fibers: The Purkinje fibers play a role in ventricular contraction (QRS complex), not in the formation of the P wave.

D. Bundle of HIS: The Bundle of HIS transmits impulses to the ventricles and is involved in ventricular depolarization, not atrial activity. It is not responsible for the P wave.

A. Rectal B. Urinary Bladder C. Temporal Artery D. Esophagus E. Pulmonary artery

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Rectal: The rectal route provides a reliable measure of core body temperature because of its proximity to major blood vessels.

B. Urinary Bladder: A temperature-sensing urinary catheter can provide continuous monitoring of core temperature, especially in critical care settings.

C. Temporal Artery: While temporal artery thermometers are non-invasive and commonly used, they measure skin temperature, which is not a true core temperature.

D. Esophagus: Esophageal temperature monitoring is used in intubated patients and cardiac surgery patients to measure core temperature accurately.

E. Pulmonary Artery: A pulmonary artery catheter (Swan-Ganz catheter) directly measures blood temperature from the heart, making it the most accurate core temperature measurement.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diphenhydramine for allergic rhinitis. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

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A nurse is reviewing the electrocardiogram (ECG) results. Which portion of the conduction system does the nurse consider when evaluating the P wave?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is working in the intensive care unit and must obtain core temperatures on patients. Which sites can be used to obtain a core temperature? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

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