A nurse is teaching a client who has a seizure disorder and has a new prescription for phenytoin.
Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
“I will expect to have dark urine while taking this medication.”.
“I will take an extra dose of the medication if I have a breakthrough seizure.”.
“I will have my blood checked to monitor the medication levels.”.
“I will take this medication with an antacid to prevent indigestion.”.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Dark urine is not a common side effect of phenytoin. Phenytoin primarily affects the central nervous system. Unusual urine color changes could indicate a different issue and should be reported to a healthcare provider for further evaluation.
Choice B rationale
Taking an extra dose of phenytoin can lead to toxicity. Phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic index, and overdose can cause symptoms like ataxia, nystagmus, and confusion. Dosage adjustments should only be made under medical supervision to avoid complications.
Choice C rationale
Regular blood level monitoring of phenytoin is essential to ensure therapeutic levels and avoid toxicity. Therapeutic range for phenytoin is 10-20 mcg/mL. This helps maintain efficacy and reduce the risk of side effects or subtherapeutic levels.
Choice D rationale
Taking phenytoin with antacids can reduce its absorption, decreasing its effectiveness. Antacids can bind to phenytoin in the gastrointestinal tract, preventing proper absorption. Medications should be spaced appropriately to ensure optimal absorption.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hyperglycemia is not a known adverse effect of colesevelam. It is primarily used to lower cholesterol levels and does not significantly impact blood glucose levels.
Choice B rationale
Stomatitis, or inflammation of the mouth, is not commonly associated with colesevelam use. Adverse effects typically involve the gastrointestinal tract.
Choice C rationale
Fever is not a typical adverse effect of colesevelam. The medication mainly affects the digestive system and does not commonly cause systemic symptoms like fever.
Choice D rationale
Colesevelam can cause constipation by binding bile acids in the intestines, which may reduce bowel movements and lead to gastrointestinal discomfort. .
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Crushing hydroxychloroquine can alter its release and absorption, leading to reduced efficacy and increased risk of adverse effects. The medication should be taken whole to ensure proper therapeutic effect.
Choice B rationale
Discontinuing hydroxychloroquine when symptoms subside can result in disease relapse and progression. The medication is usually taken long-term to maintain control of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Hydroxychloroquine can cause retinal toxicity, so regular eye exams are essential to detect early changes and prevent irreversible vision loss. Monitoring helps ensure the medication's safety and effectiveness.
Choice D rationale
Taking a double dose of hydroxychloroquine increases the risk of toxicity, including gastrointestinal disturbances and retinal damage. It is important to follow the prescribed dosing schedule to avoid adverse effects.
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