A nurse is caring for a client who is taking a glucocorticoid.
Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing hypokalemia? (Select all that apply.)

Muscle weakness.

Hyperactive bowel sounds.

Tingling of fingers.

Peaked T waves.

Fatigue.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

Choice A rationale

Muscle weakness is a classic sign of hypokalemia, resulting from decreased neuromuscular excitability. Normal serum potassium levels range from 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L, with hypokalemia typically defined as levels below 3.5 mEq/L.

Choice B rationale

Hyperactive bowel sounds are more indicative of hyperkalemia due to increased gastrointestinal motility. Hypokalemia generally results in diminished bowel sounds and constipation due to decreased gastrointestinal motility.

Choice C rationale

Tingling of fingers, or paresthesia, is a symptom of hypokalemia affecting the neuromuscular system. The altered potassium levels affect nerve function, leading to sensations such as tingling or numbness.

Choice D rationale

Peaked T waves are a hallmark sign of hyperkalemia, reflecting increased cardiac excitability. Hypokalemia typically presents with flattened or inverted T waves and the presence of U waves on an ECG.

Choice E rationale

Fatigue is a non-specific but common sign of hypokalemia. The reduced potassium levels impair muscle function and cellular processes, leading to generalized weakness and fatigue. .

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that doesn't directly impact thyroid function. Its primary role is to increase osmotic pressure in the kidneys, promoting diuresis to reduce fluid volume, particularly in cases of cerebral edema.

Choice B rationale

Mannitol does not have antiarrhythmic properties; its effects are primarily on osmotic diuresis, which reduces intracranial pressure. Atrial flutter is managed with medications such as beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers that directly affect cardiac rhythm.

Choice C rationale

Mannitol's osmotic diuretic effect increases renal excretion of water, reducing intracranial pressure by drawing fluid out of the brain tissue into the bloodstream. This mechanism alleviates symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, such as headache and nausea.

Choice D rationale

Mannitol administration doesn't influence hemoglobin levels directly. It affects fluid balance by increasing urine output, not by altering erythropoiesis or blood composition. Hemoglobin levels are more affected by factors like anemia or hydration status.

A. Take the medication immediately after a meal. B. Drink a glass of milk when taking the medication. C. Take the medication before bedtime. D. Take one tablet of the medication on the same date each month.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Bandronate (bisphosphonate) should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance absorption. Taking it with food can significantly reduce its bioavailability, decreasing its effectiveness in managing osteoporosis by inhibiting bone resorption.

Choice B rationale

Drinking a glass of milk with bandronate interferes with absorption. Calcium in milk binds to the medication, reducing its bioavailability. For optimal effectiveness, take bandronate with plain water.

Choice C rationale

Taking bandronate at bedtime is not recommended. The medication should be taken in the morning with water, followed by remaining upright for at least 30 minutes to prevent esophageal irritation and enhance absorption.

Choice D rationale

Consistent monthly dosing on the same date improves adherence and effectiveness. Bandronate’s long-acting nature makes this regimen convenient for patients, ensuring steady therapeutic levels to manage osteoporosis by reducing bone resorption.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is taking a glucocorticoid.Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing hypokalemia? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who is taking a glucocorticoid.
Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing hypokalemia? (Select all that apply.)