A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI) about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers.

Urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hours.

BUN and creatinine levels decrease.

Renal function is reestablished.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: The GFR does not recover during the oliguric phase; instead, it is typically reduced, reflecting impaired kidney function.

Choice B reason: Urine output of less than 400 mL per 24 hours is characteristic of the oliguric phase of AKI. This phase can last from 1 to 7 days after kidney injury and is a crucial time for monitoring and managing the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance.

Choice C reason: BUN and creatinine levels do not decrease during the oliguric phase. They usually increase due to reduced kidney function and the inability to excrete these waste products.

Choice D reason: Renal function is not reestablished during the oliguric phase. This phase is part of the course of AKI where renal function is at its lowest, and recovery has not yet begun.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Frequent nosebleeds and bruising are indicative of coagulopathy, a common complication in advanced cirrhosis due to the liver's impaired ability to synthesize clotting factors. This can lead to an increased tendency to bleed.

Choice B reason: Urinary retention is not typically associated with cirrhosis. Instead, cirrhosis can lead to renal dysfunction known as hepatorenal syndrome, characterized by the failure of the kidneys to filter waste from the blood².

Choice C reason: While constipation can occur in cirrhosis, no bowel movement in three days is not a direct complication of cirrhosis. However, it could be related to the overall health status of the patient or medications used.

Choice D reason: Increased blood glucose is not a direct complication of cirrhosis. Cirrhosis primarily affects the metabolism of proteins and fats and does not directly cause hyperglycemia unless there is concurrent diabetes or metabolic syndrome.

A. Shake the bag to mix the fat. B. Administer the bag of solution. C. Return the bag to the pharmacy. D. Turn the bag upside down one time.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:Shaking the bag is not recommended as it may not adequately mix the solution and could cause emulsion instability.

Choice B reason:Administering the bag as is could be harmful due to the risk of fat embolism or other complications from an unstable emulsion.

Choice C reason:Returning the bag to the pharmacy is the appropriate action to ensure the client receives a properly mixed and safe emulsion.

Choice D reason:Turning the bag upside down one time is not sufficient to mix the emulsion and does not address the potential instability of the solution.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI) about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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