A nurse is teaching a client about self-administering peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

"The microwave in my kitchen can warm the solution before I use it."

"The catheter can become infected even with sterile precautions."

"The volume of the output solution should be greater than the input solution."

"The fluid from my abdomen will be clear or slightly yellow."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:Using a microwave to warm the solution is not recommended as it can lead to uneven heating and potentially damage the solution or harm the patient.

Choice B reason: The statement about the catheter becoming infected despite sterile precautions is accurate and reflects an understanding of the risks associated with peritoneal dialysis.

Choice C reason:Expecting the volume of the output solution to be greater than the input solution is incorrect; typically, the volumes should be equal to ensure proper fluid removal.

Choice D reason: The fluid from the abdomen being clear or slightly yellow is a normal finding and does not indicate a need for further teaching.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Frequent nosebleeds and bruising are indicative of coagulopathy, a common complication in advanced cirrhosis due to the liver's impaired ability to synthesize clotting factors. This can lead to an increased tendency to bleed.

Choice B reason: Urinary retention is not typically associated with cirrhosis. Instead, cirrhosis can lead to renal dysfunction known as hepatorenal syndrome, characterized by the failure of the kidneys to filter waste from the blood².

Choice C reason: While constipation can occur in cirrhosis, no bowel movement in three days is not a direct complication of cirrhosis. However, it could be related to the overall health status of the patient or medications used.

Choice D reason: Increased blood glucose is not a direct complication of cirrhosis. Cirrhosis primarily affects the metabolism of proteins and fats and does not directly cause hyperglycemia unless there is concurrent diabetes or metabolic syndrome.

A. Nausea and faintness B. Neurologic deficits and apprehension C. Hypertension and tachypnea D. Diaphoresis and oliguria

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Nausea and faintness Nausea and faintness can be symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Hypovolemic shock occurs when the body loses a significant amount of blood or fluids, leading to a decrease in blood pressure and inadequate oxygen supply to the organs. This can cause various symptoms, including nausea and faintness, as the body struggles to maintain normal function.

Choice B reason: Neurologic deficits and apprehension Neurologic deficits and apprehension can also be symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Neurologic deficits refer to abnormal neurologic function of a body area due to injury of the brain, spinal cord, muscles, or nerves. Apprehension, or anxiety, can occur as the body responds to the stress of significant blood or fluid loss.

Choice C reason: Hypertension and tachypnea Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not typically a symptom of hypovolemic shock. In fact, hypovolemic shock is usually characterized by hypotension, or low blood pressure, due to the loss of blood or fluids. Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, can be a symptom of hypovolemic shock, but it would not typically be accompanied by hypertension in this context.

Choice D reason: Diaphoresis and oliguria Diaphoresis (excessive sweating) and oliguria (reduced urine production) can be symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Diaphoresis can occur as the body attempts to cool itself in response to the stress of significant blood or fluid loss. Oliguria can occur as the kidneys receive less blood flow due to the decrease in blood volume, leading to decreased urine production.

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A nurse is teaching a client about self-administering peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

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Correct Answer is C

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