A nurse is teaching a client about self-administering peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

"The microwave in my kitchen can warm the solution before I use it."

"The catheter can become infected even with sterile precautions."

"The volume of the output solution should be greater than the input solution."

"The fluid from my abdomen will be clear or slightly yellow."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:Using a microwave to warm the solution is not recommended as it can lead to uneven heating and potentially damage the solution or harm the patient.

Choice B reason: The statement about the catheter becoming infected despite sterile precautions is accurate and reflects an understanding of the risks associated with peritoneal dialysis.

Choice C reason:Expecting the volume of the output solution to be greater than the input solution is incorrect; typically, the volumes should be equal to ensure proper fluid removal.

Choice D reason: The fluid from the abdomen being clear or slightly yellow is a normal finding and does not indicate a need for further teaching.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hypophosphatemia refers to an abnormally low level of phosphate in the blood. The normal range for serum phosphate in adults is typically around 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL. In the context of acute kidney injury (AKI), the kidneys’ ability to excrete phosphate is impaired, which can actually lead to hyperphosphatemia, not hypophosphatemia. Therefore, while phosphate levels are important to monitor in AKI, hypophosphatemia is not typically expected.

Choice B reason: Hypercalcemia is characterized by an elevated level of calcium in the blood, with the normal range being approximately 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL. AKI can sometimes be associated with hypercalcemia, particularly if there is extensive tissue breakdown or rhabdomyolysis. However, it is not as commonly expected as hyperkalemia. Hypercalcemia in AKI is more often secondary to other underlying conditions rather than a direct result of the kidney injury itself.

Choice C reason: Hyperkalemia is a common electrolyte imbalance in AKI and refers to a high level of potassium in the blood. The normal range for serum potassium is about 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. In AKI, the kidneys’ ability to excrete potassium is compromised, leading to an accumulation of potassium in the blood. This can be life-threatening, causing cardiac dysrhythmias and muscle weakness. Hyperkalemia is a key concern in AKI management and is often expected in this condition. While all the listed electrolyte imbalances can occur in various clinical scenarios, hyperkalemia is the most commonly expected electrolyte disturbance in a patient with acute kidney injury. It is crucial for healthcare providers to monitor and manage electrolyte levels carefully in AKI to prevent complications.

Choice D reason: Hypernatremia means an elevated sodium level in the blood, with the normal range being 135 to 145 mEq/L. While sodium balance can be affected in AKI, hypernatremia is not typically expected. It is more commonly associated with conditions that cause a loss of water or an intake of sodium, such as diabetes insipidus or excessive salt ingestion. In AKI, the focus is often on managing fluid overload rather than sodium excess.

A. Severe fluid and electrolyte imbalance B. Upper abdominal distention C. Metabolic acidosis D. Projectile vomiting with a fecal odor E. Diarrhea or ribbon-like stools

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

No explanation

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A nurse is teaching a client about self-administering peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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