A nurse is teaching a client who has asthma about the use of a metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following instructions should the nurse Include In the teaching?

"Hold your breath for 6 seconds after inhaling the medication."

"Inhale the medication deeply for 5 seconds."

"Do not shake the medication in the inhaler."

"Hold the inhaler 3 inches away from your mouth."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "Hold your breath for 6 seconds after inhaling the medication." – The correct recommendation is to hold the breath for at least 10 seconds to allow maximum medication absorption in the lungs.

B. "Inhale the medication deeply for 5 seconds." – A slow, deep inhalation (3-5 seconds) allows the medication to reach the lower airways effectively.

C. "Do not shake the medication in the inhaler." – Most metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) need to be shaken before use to ensure proper mixing of medication. Exceptions include dry powder inhalers (DPIs), which should not be shaken.

D. "Hold the inhaler 3 inches away from your mouth." – The correct distance is 1 to 2 inches (2-4 cm) from the mouth, or the mouthpiece can be placed directly into the mouth with lips sealed around it.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Pull the fire alarm. While activating the alarm is crucial, the immediate priority is client safety, meaning evacuation comes first.

B. Close the fire doors. Closing doors helps contain the fire, but ensuring client safety is the priority.

C. Evacuate the room. According to the RACE (Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish) protocol, the first step is to Rescue clients in immediate danger, then pull the alarm.

D. Extinguish the fire. Attempting to put out the fire is only appropriate if the fire is small and manageable. If the fire is significant, evacuating clients takes precedence.

A. “I'm sure your situation will get better with time." B. "It must be terrible to be in this situation." C. "If I were you, I would talk with the hospital chaplain." D. “Tell me what you have done in the past to cope with your problems.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. “I'm sure your situation will get better with time." This response is dismissive and does not acknowledge the client’s feelings. It provides false reassurance rather than support.

B. "It must be terrible to be in this situation." While this statement attempts empathy, it may sound judgmental or patronizing rather than encouraging meaningful discussion.

C. "If I were you, I would talk with the hospital chaplain." This response assumes what the client should do rather than exploring their current coping mechanisms. It does not encourage self-reflection.

D. “Tell me what you have done in the past to cope with your problems.” This response uses therapeutic communication by allowing the client to reflect on past coping strategies and explore potential solutions.

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