A nurse is teaching a client who is scheduled for an amniocentesis about the purpose of a lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio test.
Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
"This test will check your baby's lung maturity.”.
"This test will check your baby's blood type.”.
"This test will check your baby's liver development.”.
"This test will check your baby for genetic disorders.”.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
The lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio test is a crucial assessment of fetal lung maturity. Lecithin and sphingomyelin are phospholipids that are components of surfactant, a substance vital for reducing surface tension in the alveoli and preventing lung collapse at birth. A ratio of 2: or greater generally indicates adequate lung maturity.
Choice B rationale
The L/S ratio test does not assess the baby's blood type. Fetal blood typing is determined through other methods, such as cordocentesis or maternal blood tests for fetal DNA, if clinically indicated. The L/S ratio specifically evaluates the quantity and ratio of pulmonary surfactants.
Choice C rationale
This test does not check the baby's liver development. Fetal liver development is assessed through different parameters, such as ultrasound visualization of liver size, blood flow characteristics, and specific liver enzyme levels if a concern exists. The L/S ratio is solely focused on pulmonary maturity.
Choice D rationale
The L/S ratio test is not used to check for genetic disorders. Genetic disorders are identified through chromosomal analysis, DNA sequencing, or biochemical tests performed on amniotic fluid cells obtained during amniocentesis, or through chorionic villus sampling. The L/S ratio is a physiological marker of lung readiness.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Consuming 27 mg of iron daily is within the recommended intake for pregnant individuals, which is typically around 27 mg per day. Iron is crucial for fetal growth and preventing maternal anemia, and this intake level supports healthy pregnancy outcomes, indicating a reduced risk factor.
Choice B rationale
Consuming 300 mg of caffeine daily is considered a high-risk lifestyle factor during pregnancy. High caffeine intake is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, preterm birth, and low birth weight infants. The recommended limit for pregnant individuals is generally below 200 mg per day to mitigate these risks.
Choice C rationale
Consuming 3 L (101 oz) of water daily is a healthy practice during pregnancy. Adequate hydration is essential for maintaining blood volume, amniotic fluid levels, and preventing constipation and urinary tract infections. This intake level supports maternal and fetal health.
Choice D rationale
Consuming 400 mcg of folate daily is the recommended intake for pregnant individuals, particularly in the periconceptional period. Folic acid supplementation significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects in the fetus, promoting a healthy pregnancy outcome and indicating a reduced risk factor.
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine is recommended for pregnant clients during the third trimester, specifically between 27 and 36 weeks of gestation. This timing optimizes the transfer of maternal antibodies to the fetus, providing passive immunity against pertussis (whooping cough) in the newborn during their vulnerable early months, before they are old enough to receive their own vaccinations.
Choice B rationale
Inactivated influenza vaccine is highly recommended for pregnant clients during any trimester of pregnancy. Pregnancy alters the immune system, making pregnant individuals more susceptible to severe complications from influenza. Vaccination protects both the mother and, through passive antibody transfer, the newborn from influenza infection.
Choice C rationale
Varicella vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine and is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the theoretical risk of fetal infection. While the actual risk is very low, it is generally deferred until the postpartum period. Women of childbearing age should be screened for immunity and vaccinated if non-immune prior to conception or postpartum.
Choice D rationale
Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine and is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the theoretical risk of fetal infection, particularly with rubella. Rubella infection during pregnancy can lead to congenital rubella syndrome, causing severe birth defects. Vaccination should occur before conception or postpartum.
Choice E rationale
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is not routinely recommended during pregnancy. While current data do not suggest harm, the vaccine has not been extensively studied in pregnant individuals. Vaccination should be completed before pregnancy or deferred until the postpartum period.
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