A nurse is teaching a group of unlicensed assistive personnel about urinary tract infections (UTIs) in clients who have vaginas. When describing why clients who have vaginas have higher rates of UTIs than clients who do not have vaginas, which of the following explanations should the nurse use?
Clients who have vaginas have more alkalotic urine which promotes the growth of bacteria.
Clients who have vaginas have a shorter urethra allowing bacteria to invade the bladder more easily.
Clients who have vaginas have decreased strength of the detrusor muscle.
Clients who have vaginas have a decreased bladder capacity.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The pH of urine can vary, but having a more alkalotic urine does not necessarily promote the growth of bacteria. Urine is typically slightly acidic, which helps to prevent bacterial growth.
Choice B reason: The primary anatomical reason for the higher rates of UTIs in clients who have vaginas is the shorter length of the urethra compared to those who do not have vaginas. This shorter distance makes it easier for bacteria from the skin or rectal area to enter the bladder.
Choice C reason: The strength of the detrusor muscle, which controls the emptying of the bladder, does not have a direct correlation with the frequency of UTIs. UTIs are more related to bacterial invasion rather than muscle strength.
Choice D reason: Bladder capacity is generally not a factor in the frequency of UTIs. While residual urine can increase the risk of UTIs, this is not typically related to overall bladder capacity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice A
Choice A rationale: Headache and restlessness can be signs of a seizure or neurological disturbance, which phenytoin is used to treat. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication that helps control seizures by stabilizing neuronal membranes and reducing excitability.
Choice B rationale: Decreased blood pressure and rapid pulse are not indications for phenytoin administration. These symptoms may suggest hypotension or cardiovascular issues, which require different interventions such as fluid resuscitation or vasopressors.
Choice C rationale: Muscle cramps and chest heaviness are not treated with phenytoin. These symptoms could indicate electrolyte imbalances or cardiac issues, which need specific treatments like electrolyte replacement or cardiac monitoring.
Choice D rationale: Pain and tingling at the access site are not indications for phenytoin administration. These symptoms may suggest local irritation or infection at the dialysis access site, requiring appropriate wound care or antibiotics.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Taking 3,000 mg of vitamin C daily is not recommended as it may increase the risk of calcium oxalate stones due to possible conversion of vitamin C to oxalate.
Choice B reason: Drinking 3 L of fluid every day is advised to prevent kidney stones by diluting the urine and reducing the concentration of stone-forming substances.
Choice C reason: Eating 12 oz of animal protein daily is excessive and can increase the risk of kidney stones due to higher excretion of calcium and oxalate.
Choice D reason: Restricting calcium intake to one serving per day is not recommended as a normal calcium intake is necessary to bind oxalate in the gut and reduce oxalate absorption.
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