A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about adverse effects of medications.
The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?
Anticholinergics/antispasmodics.
Opioid narcotics.
Iron supplements.
Magnesium-containing antacids.
Correct Answer : A,B,C
Choice A rationale
Anticholinergics/antispasmodics can cause constipation by reducing the muscle contractions of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to slower movement of contents and resulting in constipation.
Choice B rationale
Opioid narcotics cause constipation by binding to opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, which decreases intestinal motility and inhibits the secretion of fluids, leading to hard and dry stools.
Choice C rationale
Iron supplements can cause constipation as a common side effect due to their effect on the gastrointestinal tract. They can make stools harder and more difficult to pass.
Choice D rationale
Magnesium-containing antacids typically do not cause constipation. In fact, they are more likely to have a laxative effect due to the presence of magnesium, which can increase water in the intestines and soften stools.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice B rationale
Warming the enema solution to room temperature helps ensure the client's comfort and can prevent cramping and discomfort. Cold solutions can cause discomfort and cramping, making the procedure less tolerable for the client.
Choice A rationale
Placing the client into a right lateral position is not the standard position for administering an enema. The left lateral (Sims') position is commonly used as it facilitates the flow of the solution into the colon.
Choice C rationale
Sterile technique is not required for administering an enema. Clean technique is generally sufficient unless otherwise indicated by the client’s condition or specific medical orders.
Choice D rationale
Lubricating the tubing is essential to ensure smooth insertion and prevent trauma to the rectal mucosa, but an oil-based lubricant is not typically used as it can interfere with the absorption of the enema solution. Water-soluble lubricants are preferred.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Aluminum-containing antacids often cause constipation due to their effect on bowel motility, not diarrhea. They work by neutralizing stomach acid but can lead to decreased bowel movements.
Choice B rationale
Magnesium-containing antacids can cause diarrhea as a side effect. They work by neutralizing stomach acid, and the excess magnesium in the intestines can cause loose stools or diarrhea.
Choice C rationale
Antibiotics can cause diarrhea by disrupting the balance of normal gut bacteria. This disruption can lead to overgrowth of harmful bacteria, such as Clostridium difficile, which can cause diarrhea.
Choice D rationale
Anticholinergics/antispasmodics typically cause constipation rather than diarrhea. They inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system, which slows down gut motility.
Choice E rationale
Opioid narcotics can cause constipation because they slow down the movement of the intestines. They do this by binding to opioid receptors in the gut, which decreases peristalsis.
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