A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about contact precautions. The nurse should include that a client who has which of the following diseases requires contact precautions?

Varicella

Pertussis

Clostridium difficile

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Varicella: Varicella (chickenpox) requires airborne and contact precautions due to its high transmissibility via respiratory droplets and contact with skin lesions. While contact precautions are used, the primary precaution is airborne.

B. Pertussis: Pertussis is transmitted through respiratory droplets, so droplet precautions are the appropriate measure. Contact precautions are not necessary unless there are heavy respiratory secretions contaminating surfaces.

C. Clostridium difficile: Contact precautions are essential for clients with C. difficile due to the spore-forming nature of the bacteria, which can survive on surfaces. Gown and gloves are required when entering the room, and hand hygiene with soap and water is necessary after contact.

D. Mycobacterium tuberculosis: TB is transmitted via airborne particles, requiring airborne precautions and a negative pressure room. Contact precautions are not indicated for TB unless there are additional infections with contact-spread pathogens.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Offer the client oral fluids:Fluids should not be offered until the client’s gag reflex has returned to prevent aspiration. Offering fluids too soon after a bronchoscopy places the client at significant risk for aspiration pneumonia due to airway suppression from sedation.

B. Check the client’s IV site:While important, this is not the priority in the immediate post-procedure period. IV site assessment ensures patency and absence of complications, but it does not address the client’s airway or oxygenation status, which are more urgent concerns.

C. Obtain the client’s oxygen saturation level:Airway and oxygenation take top priority following sedation and bronchoscopy, especially since the procedure can cause respiratory depression or airway compromise. Measuring oxygen saturation is essential to detect early hypoxia and ensure respiratory stability.

D. Determine the client’s level of consciousness:While evaluating consciousness is important after moderate sedation, it comes after assessing oxygenation. A decreased oxygen level could lead to altered mental status, so it’s more critical to assess oxygenation first.

A. Administer azithromycin. B. Initiate contact precautions. C. Administer oseltamivir. D. Obtain a stool culture.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Administer azithromycin: Azithromycin is the antibiotic of choice for treating pertussis (whooping cough), especially in infants. Early antibiotic treatment can reduce the severity of symptoms and limit transmission of the Bordetella pertussis bacterium.

B. Initiate contact precautions: Pertussis is primarily spread via respiratory droplets, not direct contact. Therefore, droplet precautions not contact precautions are appropriate to prevent transmission to others.

C. Administer oseltamivir: Oseltamivir is an antiviral used for influenza, not for bacterial infections like pertussis. It has no therapeutic effect against Bordetella pertussis.

D. Obtain a stool culture: Pertussis is a respiratory illness and does not involve the gastrointestinal tract. Diagnostic testing would involve a nasopharyngeal swab, not stool samples.

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A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about contact precautions. The nurse should include that a client who has which of the following diseases requires contact precautions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client 15 min following a bronchoscopy with moderate sedation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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