A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg.

Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg.

Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a fall.

Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a pulmonary emboli.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg:
Orthostatic hypotension is typically defined by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or more or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more within three minutes of standing up. Diastolic blood pressure alone is not the primary indicator of orthostatic hypotension.

B) Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg:
While a decrease in systolic blood pressure is a component of orthostatic hypotension, the criterion for diagnosing orthostatic hypotension is a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or more or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more within three minutes of standing up.

C) Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a fall:
This statement is correct. Orthostatic hypotension, characterized by a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing, can lead to dizziness and lightheadedness, increasing the risk of falls, particularly in older adults.

D) Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a pulmonary emboli:
Orthostatic hypotension is not directly associated with an increased risk of pulmonary emboli. Pulmonary embolism is a separate condition involving a blockage in the pulmonary artery or its branches, typically caused by a blood clot."

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Increasing GI motility and promoting bowel movements:
Laxatives work by increasing gastrointestinal motility, which stimulates the movement of fecal matter through the intestines. This promotes bowel movements and helps alleviate constipation.

B) Preventing incontinent clients from soiling themselves:
Laxatives are not typically used to prevent incontinence. Their primary function is to relieve constipation by promoting bowel movements.

C) Reducing inflammation in the intestinal lining:
Laxatives do not have a direct effect on reducing inflammation in the intestinal lining. They primarily act on bowel motility to facilitate the passage of stool.

D) Suppressing the immune response that causes inflammation:
Laxatives do not suppress the immune response or treat inflammation. They are specifically designed to relieve constipation by promoting bowel movements."

A. Hypoglycemia B. Arrhythmias C. Hypertension D. Hypokalemia E. Angina

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A) Hypoglycemia:
Propranolol, a nonselective beta-blocking agent, can mask some of the symptoms of hypoglycemia, such as tachycardia and tremors, by blocking the sympathetic response. Therefore, it is not typically used in the treatment of hypoglycemia and may even exacerbate low blood sugar levels.

B) Arrhythmias:
Propranolol is commonly used in the treatment of various cardiac arrhythmias. By blocking beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, it reduces the heart rate and myocardial contractility, thereby helping to control arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.

C) Hypertension:
Propranolol is effective in lowering blood pressure and is often prescribed for the management of hypertension. Its beta-blocking action reduces cardiac output and suppresses renin release, leading to decreased systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure.

D) Hypokalemia:
Propranolol does not have a direct role in the treatment of hypokalemia. While it can potentially exacerbate hypokalemia through its effects on potassium metabolism, it is not a primary treatment for this electrolyte imbalance.

E) Angina:
Propranolol is indicated for the treatment of angina pectoris, particularly in cases of stable angina. By reducing myocardial oxygen demand through its negative chronotropic and inotropic effects, it helps relieve anginal symptoms and improve exercise tolerance."

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A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse explains the action of laxatives as doing what?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The client has been ordered a nonselective beta-blocking agent called propranolol, PO. Propranolol is used in the treatment of which disorders (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

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