A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg.

Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg.

Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a fall.

Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a pulmonary emboli.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg:
Orthostatic hypotension is typically defined by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or more or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more within three minutes of standing up. Diastolic blood pressure alone is not the primary indicator of orthostatic hypotension.

B) Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg:
While a decrease in systolic blood pressure is a component of orthostatic hypotension, the criterion for diagnosing orthostatic hypotension is a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or more or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more within three minutes of standing up.

C) Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a fall:
This statement is correct. Orthostatic hypotension, characterized by a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing, can lead to dizziness and lightheadedness, increasing the risk of falls, particularly in older adults.

D) Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a pulmonary emboli:
Orthostatic hypotension is not directly associated with an increased risk of pulmonary emboli. Pulmonary embolism is a separate condition involving a blockage in the pulmonary artery or its branches, typically caused by a blood clot."

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Routinely exercise indoors:
Exercising indoors may be beneficial for individuals taking anticholinergic drugs to minimize the risk of heat-related complications. However, this option does not directly address the need to avoid extremes of temperature on exertion, which is crucial for preventing heat exhaustion and heat stroke. While indoor exercise can provide a controlled environment, it does not eliminate the risk entirely, especially if the indoor area is not adequately ventilated or air-conditioned.

B) Wear dark, warm clothing during the summer months:
Wearing dark, warm clothing during the summer months can exacerbate the risk of heat-related complications for individuals taking anticholinergic drugs. Dark clothing absorbs more heat from the sun, increasing body temperature, and warm clothing further contributes to heat retention. This option does not align with the goal of minimizing the risk of heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

C) Avoid extremes of temperature on exertion:
This is the correct answer. Avoiding extremes of temperature on exertion is essential for individuals taking anticholinergic drugs to reduce the risk of heat-related complications such as heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Exertion in hot environments can lead to excessive sweating and dehydration, further compromising thermoregulation. By avoiding extremes of temperature and moderating exertion, individuals can better regulate body temperature and minimize the risk of heat-related adverse effects.

D) Take frequent showers in the evenings and early mornings:
While taking frequent showers in the evenings and early mornings may help cool the body and reduce the risk of heat-related discomfort, it does not specifically address the need to avoid extremes of temperature on exertion. While personal hygiene practices are important, they should be supplemented with measures aimed at preventing heat-related complications, such as avoiding exertion in extreme temperatures. Therefore, this option does not fully meet the goal of minimizing the risk of heat exhaustion and heat stroke for individuals taking anticholinergic drugs.

A. Glaucoma B. Depression C. Asthma D. Migraines

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Glaucoma:
While propranolol can exacerbate symptoms of glaucoma, it is not an absolute contraindication. However, caution is warranted in clients with glaucoma due to its potential to increase intraocular pressure.

B) Depression:
Propranolol is not contraindicated in clients with a history of depression. In fact, it is sometimes used to manage anxiety symptoms associated with certain types of depression.

C) Asthma:
Propranolol is contraindicated in clients with a history of asthma or bronchospasm because it can exacerbate bronchoconstriction and potentially precipitate an acute asthma attack.

D) Migraines:
Propranolol is often used prophylactically in clients with migraines to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks. It is not contraindicated in clients with a history of migraines."

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A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client taking anticholinergic drugs should be taught to minimize the risks of heat exhaustion and heat stroke. What would be one way to meet this goal?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse caring for a client”who has hypertension and asks the nurse about a prescription for propranolol. The nurse should inform the client that this medication is contraindicated in clients who have a history of which of the following conditions?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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